在太阳轨道器上对撞击电离双峰进行高时间分辨率分析

IF 1.7 4区 地球科学 Q3 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Samuel Kočiščák, Andreas Kvammen, Ingrid Mann, Nicole Meyer-Vernet, David Píša, Jan Souček, Audun Theodorsen, Jakub Vaverka, Arnaud Zaslavsky
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要太阳轨道飞行器配备有对周围电场进行快速测量的电子天线。天线通过撞击电离的电特征记录高速尘埃撞击。虽然检测的基本原理已被人们熟知数十年,但由于每个航天器的机械和电气设计都各不相同,而且检测过程也千变万化,因此对其基本过程的了解并不全面。我们介绍了利用无线电和等离子体波电气套件测量的太阳轨道器机身上尘埃撞击的电气信号研究。除了电子运动引起的快速前尖峰外,很大一部分信号还呈现出双峰电波形,这是第一次系统地观测到双峰电波形。我们认为这是由于太阳轨道器独特的天线设计和测量的高时间分辨率造成的。双峰值被解释为由两个不同的过程造成的。我们对这两个峰的定性和定量特征进行了描述。主峰值的产生过程之前已被广泛研究,而副峰值的产生过程之前已被提出(Pantellini 等人,2012a),用于日地关系天文台(STEREO),不过直到现在才观测到主峰值和副峰值之间 100-300 µs 的相应延迟。根据这项研究,我们得出结论,主峰的振幅是测量撞击产生的电荷的较好指标,我们发现其典型值约为 8 pC。因此,应使用主峰而不是最大值来推导撞击产生的电荷。观察到的单个天线测量到的主峰之间的不对称现象可以定量解释为静电感应。发现主峰和次峰的振幅之间存在非线性关系,通过天线光电子鞘的电相互作用模型可以部分解释这种关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Impact ionization double peaks analyzed in high temporal resolution on Solar Orbiter
Abstract. Solar Orbiter is equipped with electrical antennas performing fast measurements of the surrounding electric field. The antennas register high-velocity dust impacts through the electrical signatures of impact ionization. Although the basic principle of the detection has been known for decades, the understanding of the underlying process is not complete, due to the unique mechanical and electrical design of each spacecraft and the variability of the process. We present a study of electrical signatures of dust impacts on Solar Orbiter's body, as measured with the Radio and Plasma Waves electrical suite. A large proportion of the signatures present double-peak electrical waveforms in addition to the fast pre-spike due to electron motion, which are systematically observed for the first time. We believe this is due to Solar Orbiter's unique antenna design and a high temporal resolution of the measurements. The double peaks are explained as being due to two distinct processes. Qualitative and quantitative features of both peaks are described. The process for producing the primary peak has been studied extensively before, and the process for producing the secondary peak has been proposed before (Pantellini et al., 2012a) for Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO), although the corresponding delay of 100–300 µs between the primary and the secondary peak has not been observed until now. Based on this study, we conclude that the primary peak's amplitude is the better measure of the impact-produced charge, for which we find a typical value of around 8 pC. Therefore, the primary peak should be used to derive the impact-generated charge rather than the maximum. The observed asymmetry between the primary peaks measured with individual antennas is quantitatively explained as electrostatic induction. A relationship between the amplitude of the primary and the secondary peak is found to be non-linear, and the relation is partially explained with a model for electrical interaction through the antennas' photoelectron sheath.
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来源期刊
Annales Geophysicae
Annales Geophysicae 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
42
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Annales Geophysicae (ANGEO) is a not-for-profit international multi- and inter-disciplinary scientific open-access journal in the field of solar–terrestrial and planetary sciences. ANGEO publishes original articles and short communications (letters) on research of the Sun–Earth system, including the science of space weather, solar–terrestrial plasma physics, the Earth''s ionosphere and atmosphere, the magnetosphere, and the study of planets and planetary systems, the interaction between the different spheres of a planet, and the interaction across the planetary system. Topics range from space weathering, planetary magnetic field, and planetary interior and surface dynamics to the formation and evolution of planetary systems.
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