Daniel R. Osmond, R. Andrew King, Isa-Rita M. Russo, Michael W. Bruford, Jamie R. Stevens
{"title":"生活在后工业化景观中:整个不列颠群岛褐鳟(Salmo trutta L.)基因分化的重复模式","authors":"Daniel R. Osmond, R. Andrew King, Isa-Rita M. Russo, Michael W. Bruford, Jamie R. Stevens","doi":"10.1111/ddi.13854","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>The British Isles have been worked for millennia to extract metal ores to feed industrial development, leaving a legacy of mine water pollution that continues to impact freshwater communities in many regions. Brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) have long been observed to persist in these metal-impacted systems as apex predators, with previous studies showing a small number of impacted populations to be highly genetically divergent. We sought to understand the scale of genetic diversity across regions and the repeatability of genetic divergence in trout populations affected by metal pollution.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Location</h3>\n \n <p>We examined four mine water-impacted regions across the British Isles: west Wales, northeast England, southwest England and southeast Ireland.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>We employed a panel of 95 SNP loci to screen 1236 individuals from 71 sites representing paired metal-impacted and clean sites from across the four regions. From these, we obtained diversity statistics, assessed genetic structuring of populations and modelled historical demographic scenarios to understand which factors most credibly explain genetic variation in divergent populations.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>We evidenced hierarchical population structure in the regions studied, in line with expectations from phylogeographic history. However, in a hierarchical analysis of genetic structuring the first level of differentiation was driven by the divergence of the metal-impacted trout of Cornwall in southwest England. Within regions we observed reduced genetic diversity and repeated patterns of local genetic sub-structuring between paired samples from metal-impacted and relatively clean sites. Demographic history analyses suggested the timing of these splits to be relatively recent and to be associated with periods of peak mining activity.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Main conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of genetic isolation and reduced diversity arising from legacy pollution in freshwater ecosystems, with impacts being most apparent where both chemical pollution and physical barriers are present. Management should focus on the amelioration of mine water wash-out and the removal of barriers to fish movement to safeguard genetic diversity in impacted populations.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":51018,"journal":{"name":"Diversity and Distributions","volume":"30 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ddi.13854","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Living in a post-industrial landscape: repeated patterns of genetic divergence in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) across the British Isles\",\"authors\":\"Daniel R. Osmond, R. Andrew King, Isa-Rita M. Russo, Michael W. Bruford, Jamie R. Stevens\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/ddi.13854\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Aim</h3>\\n \\n <p>The British Isles have been worked for millennia to extract metal ores to feed industrial development, leaving a legacy of mine water pollution that continues to impact freshwater communities in many regions. Brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i> L.) have long been observed to persist in these metal-impacted systems as apex predators, with previous studies showing a small number of impacted populations to be highly genetically divergent. We sought to understand the scale of genetic diversity across regions and the repeatability of genetic divergence in trout populations affected by metal pollution.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Location</h3>\\n \\n <p>We examined four mine water-impacted regions across the British Isles: west Wales, northeast England, southwest England and southeast Ireland.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>We employed a panel of 95 SNP loci to screen 1236 individuals from 71 sites representing paired metal-impacted and clean sites from across the four regions. From these, we obtained diversity statistics, assessed genetic structuring of populations and modelled historical demographic scenarios to understand which factors most credibly explain genetic variation in divergent populations.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>We evidenced hierarchical population structure in the regions studied, in line with expectations from phylogeographic history. However, in a hierarchical analysis of genetic structuring the first level of differentiation was driven by the divergence of the metal-impacted trout of Cornwall in southwest England. Within regions we observed reduced genetic diversity and repeated patterns of local genetic sub-structuring between paired samples from metal-impacted and relatively clean sites. Demographic history analyses suggested the timing of these splits to be relatively recent and to be associated with periods of peak mining activity.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Main conclusions</h3>\\n \\n <p>Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of genetic isolation and reduced diversity arising from legacy pollution in freshwater ecosystems, with impacts being most apparent where both chemical pollution and physical barriers are present. 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Living in a post-industrial landscape: repeated patterns of genetic divergence in brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) across the British Isles
Aim
The British Isles have been worked for millennia to extract metal ores to feed industrial development, leaving a legacy of mine water pollution that continues to impact freshwater communities in many regions. Brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) have long been observed to persist in these metal-impacted systems as apex predators, with previous studies showing a small number of impacted populations to be highly genetically divergent. We sought to understand the scale of genetic diversity across regions and the repeatability of genetic divergence in trout populations affected by metal pollution.
Location
We examined four mine water-impacted regions across the British Isles: west Wales, northeast England, southwest England and southeast Ireland.
Methods
We employed a panel of 95 SNP loci to screen 1236 individuals from 71 sites representing paired metal-impacted and clean sites from across the four regions. From these, we obtained diversity statistics, assessed genetic structuring of populations and modelled historical demographic scenarios to understand which factors most credibly explain genetic variation in divergent populations.
Results
We evidenced hierarchical population structure in the regions studied, in line with expectations from phylogeographic history. However, in a hierarchical analysis of genetic structuring the first level of differentiation was driven by the divergence of the metal-impacted trout of Cornwall in southwest England. Within regions we observed reduced genetic diversity and repeated patterns of local genetic sub-structuring between paired samples from metal-impacted and relatively clean sites. Demographic history analyses suggested the timing of these splits to be relatively recent and to be associated with periods of peak mining activity.
Main conclusions
Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of genetic isolation and reduced diversity arising from legacy pollution in freshwater ecosystems, with impacts being most apparent where both chemical pollution and physical barriers are present. Management should focus on the amelioration of mine water wash-out and the removal of barriers to fish movement to safeguard genetic diversity in impacted populations.
期刊介绍:
Diversity and Distributions is a journal of conservation biogeography. We publish papers that deal with the application of biogeographical principles, theories, and analyses (being those concerned with the distributional dynamics of taxa and assemblages) to problems concerning the conservation of biodiversity. We no longer consider papers the sole aim of which is to describe or analyze patterns of biodiversity or to elucidate processes that generate biodiversity.