大鼠摄入糖精后,在杏仁基底外侧注射东莨菪碱会诱发条件性味觉回避。

IF 3.5 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Psychopharmacology Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI:10.1007/s00213-024-06624-7
Víctor Manuel Torres-García, Emmanuel Rodríguez-Nava, Rosa Itzel Alcántara-Rivas, Ofir Picazo, Gabriel Roldán-Roldán, Jean-Pascal Morin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

理论依据众所周知,杏仁基底外侧(BLA)的毒蕈碱受体活动参与了作为情绪学习基础的可塑性机制。目的:在此,我们评估了杏仁基底外侧的毒蕈碱受体活动在偶然味觉学习中的作用:方法:将年轻的成年雄性 Wistar 大鼠双侧植入对准 BLA 的插管。恢复后,将大鼠随机分配到载体组或毒蕈碱拮抗剂组进行实验。我们测试了特异性和非特异性毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂的作用:1)在呈现新口味前 20 分钟给药;2)在呈现新口味后立即给药;3)在恢复(第 5 天第二次呈现 -S2-)后立即给药;或在第 8 天第五次呈现(S5)后立即给药:结果:在品尝新口味之前输注非特异性毒蕈碱受体拮抗剂东莨菪碱,虽然不会影响对新口味的偏好,但会消除AN,即对照组动物在第二次品尝时观察到的偏好增加。如果在品尝后注射东莨菪碱,则不仅能防止AN,还能使第二次呈现时的味觉偏好急剧下降。这种东莨菪碱诱导的味觉回避并不依赖于味觉的新奇性,也不会泛化到另一种新奇的味觉上。用特定的 M1 或 M3 拮抗剂靶向突触后毒蕈碱受体似乎会产生部分味觉回避,而 M2 拮抗剂则没有效果:这些数据表明,如果在突出味觉体验之后,BLA 中的毒蕈碱受体被拮抗,那么这种体验就会在未来被强烈而持久地回避。这项研究还表明,东莨菪碱不仅仅是一种失忆药物,它的认知效应可能在很大程度上取决于所涉及的任务和结构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Scopolamine infusion in the basolateral amygdala after saccharin intake induces conditioned taste avoidance in rats.

Scopolamine infusion in the basolateral amygdala after saccharin intake induces conditioned taste avoidance in rats.

Rationale: Muscarinic receptor activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is known to be involved in plasticity mechanisms that underlie emotional learning. The BLA is involved in the Attenuation of Neophobia, an incidental taste learning task in which a novel taste becomes familiar and recognized as safe.

Objective: Here we assessed the role of muscarinic receptor activity in the BLA in incidental taste learning.

Methods: Young adult male Wistar rats were bilaterally implanted with cannulas aimed at BLA. After recovery, rats were randomly assigned to either vehicle or muscarinic antagonist group, for each experiment. We tested the effect of specific and non-specific muscarinic antagonists administered either 1) 20 min before novel taste presentation; 2) immediately after novel taste presentation; 3) immediately after retrieval (the second taste presentation on Day 5 -S2-) or immediately after the fifth taste presentation on Day 8 (S5).

Results: Non-specific muscarinic receptor antagonist scopolamine infused prior to novel taste, while not affecting novel taste preference, abolished AN, i.e., the increased preference observed in control animals on the second presentation. When administered after taste consumption, intra-BLA scopolamine not only prevented AN but caused a steep decrease in the taste preference on the second presentation. This scopolamine-induced taste avoidance was not dependent on taste novelty, nor did it generalize to another novel taste. Targeting putative postsynaptic muscarinic receptors with specific M1 or M3 antagonists appeared to produce a partial taste avoidance, while M2 antagonism had no effect.

Conclusion: These data suggest that if a salient gustatory experience is followed by muscarinic receptors antagonism in the BLA, it will be strongly and persistently avoided in the future. The study also shows that scopolamine is not just an amnesic drug, and its cognitive effects may be highly dependent on the task and the structure involved.

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来源期刊
Psychopharmacology
Psychopharmacology 医学-精神病学
CiteScore
7.10
自引率
5.90%
发文量
257
审稿时长
2-4 weeks
期刊介绍: Official Journal of the European Behavioural Pharmacology Society (EBPS) Psychopharmacology is an international journal that covers the broad topic of elucidating mechanisms by which drugs affect behavior. The scope of the journal encompasses the following fields: Human Psychopharmacology: Experimental This section includes manuscripts describing the effects of drugs on mood, behavior, cognition and physiology in humans. The journal encourages submissions that involve brain imaging, genetics, neuroendocrinology, and developmental topics. Usually manuscripts in this section describe studies conducted under controlled conditions, but occasionally descriptive or observational studies are also considered. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Translational This section comprises studies addressing the broad intersection of drugs and psychiatric illness. This includes not only clinical trials and studies of drug usage and metabolism, drug surveillance, and pharmacoepidemiology, but also work utilizing the entire range of clinically relevant methodologies, including neuroimaging, pharmacogenetics, cognitive science, biomarkers, and others. Work directed toward the translation of preclinical to clinical knowledge is especially encouraged. The key feature of submissions to this section is that they involve a focus on clinical aspects. Preclinical psychopharmacology: Behavioral and Neural This section considers reports on the effects of compounds with defined chemical structures on any aspect of behavior, in particular when correlated with neurochemical effects, in species other than humans. Manuscripts containing neuroscientific techniques in combination with behavior are welcome. We encourage reports of studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action, at the behavioral and molecular levels. Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Translational This section considers manuscripts that enhance the confidence in a central mechanism that could be of therapeutic value for psychiatric or neurological patients, using disease-relevant preclinical models and tests, or that report on preclinical manipulations and challenges that have the potential to be translated to the clinic. Studies aiming at the refinement of preclinical models based upon clinical findings (back-translation) will also be considered. The journal particularly encourages submissions that integrate measures of target tissue exposure, activity on the molecular target and/or modulation of the targeted biochemical pathways. Preclinical Psychopharmacology: Molecular, Genetic and Epigenetic This section focuses on the molecular and cellular actions of neuropharmacological agents / drugs, and the identification / validation of drug targets affecting the CNS in health and disease. We particularly encourage studies that provide insight into the mechanisms of drug action at the molecular level. Manuscripts containing evidence for genetic or epigenetic effects on neurochemistry or behavior are welcome.
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