PI3K/Akt 信号轴与 2 型糖尿病(T2DM):从机理洞察到可能的治疗靶点。

IF 3.3 3区 生物学 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY
Rana Taheri, Yazdan Mokhtari, Amir-Mohammad Yousefi, Davood Bashash
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引用次数: 0

摘要

2 型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种使人极度衰弱的慢性疾病,会逐渐损害身体各器官的健康,事实上,大多数患者都会因 T2DM 后并发症而死亡。尽管有证据支持胰岛素激活磷酸肌酸 3- 激酶(PI3K)/Akt 信号通路,而这一通路对调节葡萄糖代谢和胰岛素抵抗至关重要,但只有少数研究探讨了这一通路在 T2DM 中的意义。本综述旨在揭示不同类别的 PI3Ks 控制葡萄糖代谢的机制,并讨论国际研究实验室在这一主题上获得的原始数据。我们还总结了 PI3K/Akt 信号轴在骨骼肌、脂肪组织和肝脏等靶组织中的作用。此外,我们还探讨了干扰该轴对胰岛素功能和胰岛素抵抗发展的影响。我们还概述了 PI3K/Akt 信号通路受损与最常见的糖尿病相关并发症发病机制的关系。最后一部分特别关注这一轴心的治疗潜力,概述了通过调节 PI3K/Akt 通路缓解糖尿病的活性化合物的最新进展。最后,我们对使用 PI3K 调节剂治疗 T2DM 的未来研究方向进行了评论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The PI3K/Akt signaling axis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): From mechanistic insights into possible therapeutic targets

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an immensely debilitating chronic disease that progressively undermines the well-being of various bodily organs and, indeed, most patients succumb to the disease due to post-T2DM complications. Although there is evidence supporting the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway by insulin, which is essential in regulating glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, the significance of this pathway in T2DM has only been explored in a few studies. The current review aims to unravel the mechanisms by which different classes of PI3Ks control the metabolism of glucose; and also to discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. We also summarized the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling axis in target tissues spanning from the skeletal muscle to the adipose tissue and liver. Furthermore, inquiries regarding the impact of disrupting this axis on insulin function and the development of insulin resistance have been addressed. We also provide a general overview of the association of impaired PI3K/Akt signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of the most prevalent diabetes-related complications. The last section provides a special focus on the therapeutic potential of this axis by outlining the latest advances in active compounds that alleviate diabetes via modulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Finally, we comment on the future research aspects in which the field of T2DM therapies using PI3K modulators might be developed.

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来源期刊
Cell Biology International
Cell Biology International 生物-细胞生物学
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
208
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Each month, the journal publishes easy-to-assimilate, up-to-the minute reports of experimental findings by researchers using a wide range of the latest techniques. Promoting the aims of cell biologists worldwide, papers reporting on structure and function - especially where they relate to the physiology of the whole cell - are strongly encouraged. Molecular biology is welcome, as long as articles report findings that are seen in the wider context of cell biology. In covering all areas of the cell, the journal is both appealing and accessible to a broad audience. Authors whose papers do not appeal to cell biologists in general because their topic is too specialized (e.g. infectious microbes, protozoology) are recommended to send them to more relevant journals. Papers reporting whole animal studies or work more suited to a medical journal, e.g. histopathological studies or clinical immunology, are unlikely to be accepted, unless they are fully focused on some important cellular aspect. These last remarks extend particularly to papers on cancer. Unless firmly based on some deeper cellular or molecular biological principle, papers that are highly specialized in this field, with limited appeal to cell biologists at large, should be directed towards journals devoted to cancer, there being very many from which to choose.
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