Josevânia Fulgêncio de Lima Arruda, Liene Duarte Silva, Rodrigo Tavares Brisson, Gabriel de Castro Micheli, Marco Antônio Sales Dantas de Lima, Ana Lucia Zuma de Rosso, Rita de Cássia Leite Fernandes
{"title":"经济高效的嗅觉测试评估帕金森病患者的嗅觉减退。","authors":"Josevânia Fulgêncio de Lima Arruda, Liene Duarte Silva, Rodrigo Tavares Brisson, Gabriel de Castro Micheli, Marco Antônio Sales Dantas de Lima, Ana Lucia Zuma de Rosso, Rita de Cássia Leite Fernandes","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787139","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Parkinson's disease (PD) causes motor and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, which is evaluated through olfactory tests in the clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong> To assess the feasibility of using the modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (mCCCRC) olfactory test and to compare its performance with the Sniffin' Sticks-12 (SS-12, Burghart Messtechnik GmbH, Wedel, Germany) test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> A transversal case-control study in which the patients were divided into the PD group (PDG) and the control group (CG). The cost and difficulty in handling substances to produce the mCCCRC test kits were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking habits, past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, self-perception of odor sense, and cognition through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were also evaluated. The PDG was scored by part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) scale. Correlations were assessed through the Spearman rank correlation coefficient test (ρ, or rho).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The mCCCRC test was easily manufactured and handled at a cost ten times lower compared with the SS-12. The groups (PDG: <i>n</i> = 34; CG: <i>n</i> = 38) were similar in terms of age, sex, level of schooling, smoking habits, and history of COVID-19. The tests results showed moderate correlation (rho = 0.65; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The CG presented better cognitive performance and scored better in both tests (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There was a tendency for a negative correlation with age, but good correlation with the MoCA (<i>p</i> = 0.0029). The results of the PDG group showed no correlation with olfactory results and motor performance or disease duration. The self-perception of hyposmia was low in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The mCCCRC is an easy-to-apply and inexpensive method that demonstrated a similar performance to that of the SS-12 in evaluating olfaction in PD patients and healthy controls.</p>","PeriodicalId":8694,"journal":{"name":"Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria","volume":"82 5","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Performance of a cost-effective olfactory test to evaluate hyposmia in Parkinson's disease patients.\",\"authors\":\"Josevânia Fulgêncio de Lima Arruda, Liene Duarte Silva, Rodrigo Tavares Brisson, Gabriel de Castro Micheli, Marco Antônio Sales Dantas de Lima, Ana Lucia Zuma de Rosso, Rita de Cássia Leite Fernandes\",\"doi\":\"10.1055/s-0044-1787139\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Parkinson's disease (PD) causes motor and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, which is evaluated through olfactory tests in the clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong> To assess the feasibility of using the modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (mCCCRC) olfactory test and to compare its performance with the Sniffin' Sticks-12 (SS-12, Burghart Messtechnik GmbH, Wedel, Germany) test.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> A transversal case-control study in which the patients were divided into the PD group (PDG) and the control group (CG). The cost and difficulty in handling substances to produce the mCCCRC test kits were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking habits, past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, self-perception of odor sense, and cognition through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were also evaluated. The PDG was scored by part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) scale. Correlations were assessed through the Spearman rank correlation coefficient test (ρ, or rho).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The mCCCRC test was easily manufactured and handled at a cost ten times lower compared with the SS-12. The groups (PDG: <i>n</i> = 34; CG: <i>n</i> = 38) were similar in terms of age, sex, level of schooling, smoking habits, and history of COVID-19. The tests results showed moderate correlation (rho = 0.65; <i>p</i> < 0.0001). The CG presented better cognitive performance and scored better in both tests (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). There was a tendency for a negative correlation with age, but good correlation with the MoCA (<i>p</i> = 0.0029). The results of the PDG group showed no correlation with olfactory results and motor performance or disease duration. The self-perception of hyposmia was low in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> The mCCCRC is an easy-to-apply and inexpensive method that demonstrated a similar performance to that of the SS-12 in evaluating olfaction in PD patients and healthy controls.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8694,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria\",\"volume\":\"82 5\",\"pages\":\"1-6\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787139\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/5/29 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"NEUROSCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787139","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/5/29 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"NEUROSCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Performance of a cost-effective olfactory test to evaluate hyposmia in Parkinson's disease patients.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) causes motor and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, which is evaluated through olfactory tests in the clinical practice.
Objective: To assess the feasibility of using the modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (mCCCRC) olfactory test and to compare its performance with the Sniffin' Sticks-12 (SS-12, Burghart Messtechnik GmbH, Wedel, Germany) test.
Methods: A transversal case-control study in which the patients were divided into the PD group (PDG) and the control group (CG). The cost and difficulty in handling substances to produce the mCCCRC test kits were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking habits, past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, self-perception of odor sense, and cognition through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were also evaluated. The PDG was scored by part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) scale. Correlations were assessed through the Spearman rank correlation coefficient test (ρ, or rho).
Results: The mCCCRC test was easily manufactured and handled at a cost ten times lower compared with the SS-12. The groups (PDG: n = 34; CG: n = 38) were similar in terms of age, sex, level of schooling, smoking habits, and history of COVID-19. The tests results showed moderate correlation (rho = 0.65; p < 0.0001). The CG presented better cognitive performance and scored better in both tests (p < 0.0001). There was a tendency for a negative correlation with age, but good correlation with the MoCA (p = 0.0029). The results of the PDG group showed no correlation with olfactory results and motor performance or disease duration. The self-perception of hyposmia was low in both groups.
Conclusion: The mCCCRC is an easy-to-apply and inexpensive method that demonstrated a similar performance to that of the SS-12 in evaluating olfaction in PD patients and healthy controls.
期刊介绍：
Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria is the official journal of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology. The mission of the journal is to provide neurologists, specialists and researchers in Neurology and related fields with open access to original articles (clinical and translational research), editorials, reviews, historical papers, neuroimages and letters about published manuscripts. It also publishes the consensus and guidelines on Neurology, as well as educational and scientific material from the different scientific departments of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology.
The ultimate goals of the journal are to contribute to advance knowledge in the areas of Neurology and Neuroscience, and to provide valuable material for training and continuing education for neurologists and other health professionals working in the area. These goals might contribute to improving care for patients with neurological diseases. We aim to be the best Neuroscience journal in Latin America within the peer review system.
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