Victor Laurent, Thierry Kosinski, Stéphane Rusinek
{"title":"打击军事领域的虚假信息:在持续影响效果和过度纠正之间取得适当平衡","authors":"Victor Laurent, Thierry Kosinski, Stéphane Rusinek","doi":"10.1002/acp.4214","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>False information (FI) is a critical issue for the military, and correction is a common strategy to counteract its influence. However, literature questions the potential of correction to fully restore optimal reasoning. Some studies suggest an overcorrection effect, aligning attitudes excessively with the correction, while others highlight the continued influence effect (CIE), where attitudes persist in alignment with FI. This research aimed to examine the effect of an FI correction within military scenarios. A total of 61 participants read four military scenarios designed to simulate decision-making, followed by an assessment of their inferential reasoning. Two of the scenarios presented FI which was later retracted, and the two remaining scenarios did not. The results did not reveal any evidence of the CIE, but an overcorrection effect emerged in decision-making. The study underscores an underestimated threat in countering misinformation. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48281,"journal":{"name":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Combating false information in military situations: Striking the right balance between continued influence effect and overcorrection\",\"authors\":\"Victor Laurent, Thierry Kosinski, Stéphane Rusinek\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/acp.4214\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p>False information (FI) is a critical issue for the military, and correction is a common strategy to counteract its influence. However, literature questions the potential of correction to fully restore optimal reasoning. Some studies suggest an overcorrection effect, aligning attitudes excessively with the correction, while others highlight the continued influence effect (CIE), where attitudes persist in alignment with FI. This research aimed to examine the effect of an FI correction within military scenarios. A total of 61 participants read four military scenarios designed to simulate decision-making, followed by an assessment of their inferential reasoning. Two of the scenarios presented FI which was later retracted, and the two remaining scenarios did not. The results did not reveal any evidence of the CIE, but an overcorrection effect emerged in decision-making. The study underscores an underestimated threat in countering misinformation. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":48281,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Applied Cognitive Psychology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-28\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Applied Cognitive Psychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acp.4214\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Applied Cognitive Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/acp.4214","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
虚假信息(FI)是军事领域的一个关键问题,而纠正是抵消其影响的常用策略。然而,有文献质疑纠正是否能完全恢复最佳推理。一些研究表明存在过度矫正效应,即态度过度与矫正保持一致,而另一些研究则强调持续影响效应(CIE),即态度持续与错误信息保持一致。本研究旨在考察军事场景中的 FI 修正效果。共有 61 名参与者阅读了四个模拟决策的军事情景,随后对他们的推理能力进行了评估。其中两个情景出现了 FI,但后来被撤回,其余两个情景则没有。结果没有发现任何 CIE 的证据,但在决策中出现了过度修正效应。这项研究强调了在对抗错误信息时被低估的威胁。本文讨论了其理论和实践意义。
Combating false information in military situations: Striking the right balance between continued influence effect and overcorrection
False information (FI) is a critical issue for the military, and correction is a common strategy to counteract its influence. However, literature questions the potential of correction to fully restore optimal reasoning. Some studies suggest an overcorrection effect, aligning attitudes excessively with the correction, while others highlight the continued influence effect (CIE), where attitudes persist in alignment with FI. This research aimed to examine the effect of an FI correction within military scenarios. A total of 61 participants read four military scenarios designed to simulate decision-making, followed by an assessment of their inferential reasoning. Two of the scenarios presented FI which was later retracted, and the two remaining scenarios did not. The results did not reveal any evidence of the CIE, but an overcorrection effect emerged in decision-making. The study underscores an underestimated threat in countering misinformation. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
期刊介绍:
Applied Cognitive Psychology seeks to publish the best papers dealing with psychological analyses of memory, learning, thinking, problem solving, language, and consciousness as they occur in the real world. Applied Cognitive Psychology will publish papers on a wide variety of issues and from diverse theoretical perspectives. The journal focuses on studies of human performance and basic cognitive skills in everyday environments including, but not restricted to, studies of eyewitness memory, autobiographical memory, spatial cognition, skill training, expertise and skilled behaviour. Articles will normally combine realistic investigations of real world events with appropriate theoretical analyses and proper appraisal of practical implications.