Giuseppe Reimondo , Federica Solitro , Soraya Puglisi , Maurizio Balbi , Giorgio Maria Tiranti , Anna Maria Elena Perini , Alessandra Cultrera , Dalila Brero , Cristina Botto , Paola Perotti , Valeria Caramello , Adriana Boccuzzi , Anna Pia , Andrea Veltri , Massimo Terzolo
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Chest and/or abdominal CT scans were reviewed to identify adrenal nodules or hyperplasia.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the main cohort, altered adrenal morphology was found in 24.9% of the patients (15.4% adrenal hyperplasia; 9.5% adrenal nodules). The frequency of adrenal hyperplasia was higher both in the main cohort (15.4%) and control group A (15.5%) compared to control group B (8.5%; <em>p</em> = 0.02 and <em>p</em> = 0.03, respectively). In the main cohort, 14.9% patients died within 30 d. According to a multivariate analysis, adrenal hyperplasia was an independent risk factor for mortality (<em>p</em> = 0.04), as were older age (<em>p</em> <0.001) and active cancer (<em>p</em> = 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The notable frequency of adrenal hyperplasia in patients with acute diseases suggests an exaggerated activation of the HPA axis due to stressful conditions. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:尽管众所周知,内源性糖皮质激素是应激条件下生存的必要条件,而适当的反应是由激活下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA)驱动的,但有关急性疾病患者肾上腺形态的数据却很少:这项横断面研究包括402名因疑似感染SARS-CoV-2而被急诊科(ED)收治的患者(2020年3月至5月)[主要队列];200名因急性病被急诊科收治的患者(2018年12月至2019年2月)[对照组A];200名接受放射学评估的非急性病门诊患者(2019年1月至2月)[对照组B]。对胸部和/或腹部CT扫描进行复查,以确定肾上腺结节或增生:在主要队列中,24.9%的患者发现肾上腺形态改变(15.4%肾上腺增生;9.5%肾上腺结节)。与对照组 B(8.5%;分别为 p = 0.02 和 p = 0.03)相比,主要队列(15.4%)和对照组 A(15.5%)中肾上腺增生的频率都更高。根据多变量分析,肾上腺增生症是导致死亡的一个独立风险因素(p = 0.04),年龄较大也是一个独立风险因素(p 结论:肾上腺增生症是导致死亡的一个独立风险因素:肾上腺增生症在急性疾病患者中的显著发生率表明,HPA 轴因压力过大而过度激活。肾上腺增生症患者的短期死亡风险增加,这表明肾上腺增生症可能是预后恶化的一个标志。
Serendipitous Adrenal Hyperplasia in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department for Suspected SARS-CoV-2 Infection is Linked to Increased Mortality
Background
Few data are available on adrenal morphology in patients with acute diseases, although it is known that endogenous glucocorticoids are essential for survival under stress conditions and that an adequate response is driven by activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.
Aims
The aim of this study was to assess adrenal morphology in patients with acute disease compared with patients with non-acute disease.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included: 402 patients admitted to the emergency department (ED) for suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection (March–May, 2020) [main cohort]; 200 patients admitted to the ED for acute conditions (December 2018–February 2019) [control group A]; 200 outpatients who underwent radiological evaluation of non-acute conditions (January–February 2019) [control group B]. Chest and/or abdominal CT scans were reviewed to identify adrenal nodules or hyperplasia.
Results
In the main cohort, altered adrenal morphology was found in 24.9% of the patients (15.4% adrenal hyperplasia; 9.5% adrenal nodules). The frequency of adrenal hyperplasia was higher both in the main cohort (15.4%) and control group A (15.5%) compared to control group B (8.5%; p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). In the main cohort, 14.9% patients died within 30 d. According to a multivariate analysis, adrenal hyperplasia was an independent risk factor for mortality (p = 0.04), as were older age (p <0.001) and active cancer (p = 0.01).
Conclusions
The notable frequency of adrenal hyperplasia in patients with acute diseases suggests an exaggerated activation of the HPA axis due to stressful conditions. The increased risk of short-term mortality found in patients with adrenal hyperplasia suggests that it may be a possible hallmark of worse prognosis.
期刊介绍:
Archives of Medical Research serves as a platform for publishing original peer-reviewed medical research, aiming to bridge gaps created by medical specialization. The journal covers three main categories - biomedical, clinical, and epidemiological contributions, along with review articles and preliminary communications. With an international scope, it presents the study of diseases from diverse perspectives, offering the medical community original investigations ranging from molecular biology to clinical epidemiology in a single publication.