采用多环境源方法探讨意大利北部学龄儿童接触金属与嗅觉识别之间的关系。

IF 4.1 3区 医学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Stefano Renzetti, Christoph van Thriel, Roberto G. Lucchini, Donald R. Smith, Marco Peli, Laura Borgese, Paola Cirelli, Fabjola Bilo, Alessandra Patrono, Giuseppa Cagna, Elza Rechtman, Stefania Idili, Elisa Ongaro, Stefano Calza, Matteo Rota, Robert O. Wright, Birgit Claus Henn, Megan K. Horton, Donatella Placidi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:接触金属会对嗅觉功能产生不利影响。很少有研究对儿童的这种相关性进行研究。此外,金属暴露是以混合物的形式发生的,但以往关于金属相关嗅觉功能障碍的研究仅研究了单个金属。预防嗅觉功能障碍可以提高生活质量,预防对健康有长期影响的神经退行性疾病:我们旨在测试居住在意大利布雷西亚工业化省份的儿童和青少年暴露于环境来源中测得的 12 种金属混合物与嗅觉功能之间的关联:我们招募了 130 名 6 至 13 岁的儿童(51.5% 为女性),使用 "嗅觉棒 "测试来测量他们辨别气味的嗅觉能力。我们使用便携式 X 射线荧光仪测定从参与者家庭收集的室外和室内沉积灰尘和土壤样本中的金属(砷 (As)、钙、镉 (Cd)、铬、铜、铁、锰、铅 (Pb)、锑、钛、钒和锌)浓度。我们使用加权量子和(WQS)回归的扩展方法来检验多种环境介质中金属混合物的暴露量与嗅觉功能之间的关系,并对年龄、性别、社会经济地位、智商和父母的吸烟状况进行了调整:多种来源混合物浓度越高,嗅棒识别得分越低(β = -0.228;95% CI -0.433,-0.020)。室内灰尘中铅、镉和砷的浓度对这种关联的影响最大(分别为 13.8%、13.3% 和 10.1%)。与土壤或室外灰尘相比,室内灰尘中的金属混合物(12 种金属中的 8 种)对金属与嗅觉功能之间的关联贡献更大:在三种不同环境来源(土壤、室外和室内灰尘)中测得的 12 种金属混合物中,我们发现在室内灰尘中测得的铅、镉和砷是导致居住在工业化地区的儿童和青少年嗅觉功能下降的主要因素。通过个人和公共卫生干预措施,可以有效减少室内污染的暴露,从而防止嗅觉功能的退化。此外,找出可能导致嗅觉功能退化的因素,有助于提高生活质量,预防神经退行性疾病对健康的长期影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy

A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy

A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy
Metal exposures can adversely impact olfactory function. Few studies have examined this association in children. Further, metal exposure occurs as a mixture, yet previous studies of metal-associated olfactory dysfunction only examined individual metals. Preventing olfactory dysfunctions can improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases with long-term health implications. We aimed to test the association between exposure to a mixture of 12 metals measured in environmental sources and olfactory function among children and adolescents residing in the industrialized province of Brescia, Italy. We enrolled 130 children between 6 and 13 years old (51.5% females) and used the “Sniffin’ Sticks” test to measure olfactory performance in identifying smells. We used a portable X-ray fluorescence instrument to determine concentrations of metals (arsenic (As), calcium, cadmium (Cd), chromium, copper, iron, manganese, lead (Pb), antimony, titanium, vanadium and zinc) in outdoor and indoor deposited dust and soil samples collected from participants’ households. We used an extension of weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression to test the association between exposure to metal mixtures in multiple environmental media and olfactory function adjusting for age, sex, socio-economic status, intelligence quotient and parents’ smoking status. A higher multi-source mixture was significantly associated with a reduced Sniffin’ Sticks identification score (β = −0.228; 95% CI −0.433, −0.020). Indoor dust concentrations of Pb, Cd and As provided the strongest contributions to this association (13.8%, 13.3% and 10.1%, respectively). The metal mixture in indoor dust contributed more (for 8 metals out of 12) to the association between metals and olfactory function compared to soil or outdoor dust. Among a mixture of 12 metals measured in three different environmental sources (soil, outdoor and indoor dust), we identified Pb, Cd and As measured in indoor dust as the main contributors to reduced olfactory function in children and adolescents residing in an industrialized area. Exposure to indoor pollution can be effectively reduced through individual and public health interventions allowing to prevent the deterioration of olfactory functions. Moreover, the identification of the factors that can deteriorate olfactory functions can be a helpful instrument to improve quality of life and prevent neurodegenerative diseases as long-term health implications.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.90
自引率
6.70%
发文量
93
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (JESEE) aims to be the premier and authoritative source of information on advances in exposure science for professionals in a wide range of environmental and public health disciplines. JESEE publishes original peer-reviewed research presenting significant advances in exposure science and exposure analysis, including development and application of the latest technologies for measuring exposures, and innovative computational approaches for translating novel data streams to characterize and predict exposures. The types of papers published in the research section of JESEE are original research articles, translation studies, and correspondence. Reported results should further understanding of the relationship between environmental exposure and human health, describe evaluated novel exposure science tools, or demonstrate potential of exposure science to enable decisions and actions that promote and protect human health.
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