手枪行刑中的颅脑创伤:环状分层缺陷及其与接触/近距离射击的关系。

IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, LEGAL
Roberto C. Parra MSc, Jose Pablo Baraybar PhD, Lucio A. Condori MSc, Leandro Luna PhD, Gonzalo Garizoain PhD, Ernesto Avalos-Cordero MSc
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引用次数: 0

摘要

骨骼证据通常是解释损伤模式的唯一信息来源,有助于澄清死亡情况。检查和解释骨骼创伤对于人类学作为法医学的应用和实用性至关重要。在讨论枪伤对骨骼的影响时,必须根据清晰、明显和可观察到的迹象来区分短距离伤害和长距离伤害。为了对这一争论有所贡献,我们的重点是对所谓的周缘分层缺损(CDD)进行外部分析,将其作为头骨中近距离射击(≤30 厘米)和接触性枪伤的可观察替代物。在已知的法外处决事件中,犯罪者使用 9×19 FMJ 短弹进行近距离射击,有 CDD 事件的记录。本文提出了经验证据,以加强 CDD 与近距离射击之间的因果关系。在埋藏长达 30 年的遗骸中也发现了枪支残留物的元素特征。这项工作主要表明,枪支残留物(铅、钡和锑)的浓度与在具有相同枪伤(GSW)的新鲜尸体中观察到的浓度相似。此外,在 CDD 和枪弹残留物之间观察到的相关性表明,越靠近头部和射击角度越垂直,出现 CDD 的可能性就越大。这项研究为 CDD 的病因学及其实际应用提供了基本见解,从而为法医人类学领域做出了贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cranial trauma in handgun executions: Circumferential delamination defect and its relationship with contact/close-range shooting

Skeletal evidence usually constitutes the only source of information to interpret lesion patterns that help to clarify the circumstances surrounding death. The examination and interpretation of bone trauma are essential to the application and utility of anthropology as a forensic science. When discussing the effect of gunshot wounds in bone, it becomes imperative to differentiate between short and long-distance injuries based on clear, distinct, and observable signs. To contribute to the debate, our focus is directed toward the external analysis of the so-called circumferential delamination defect (CDD) as an observable proxy for close-range shooting (≤30 cm) and contact gunshot wounds in the skull. In the context of known extrajudicial killings, in which the perpetrators used short 9 × 19 FMJ ammunition in a close-range shooting, instances of CDD have been documented. Empirical evidence reinforcing the causal relationship between CDD and close-range shootings is presented. Elements’ characteristics of firearm residues were also found in remains buried for up to 30 years. Primarily, this work shows that the concentrations of gunshot residues (Pb, Ba, and Sb) resemble those observed in fresh corpses with the same gunshot wound (GSW). Moreover, the correlation observed between CDD and gunshot residues, where the likelihood of CDD increases the closer to the head and the more perpendicular the shot angle is, reinforces CDD as a pivotal discriminatory factor in the skeletal evidence of short-range or contact shot. This research contributes to the field of forensic anthropology by providing fundamental insights into the etiology of CDD and its practical application.

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来源期刊
Journal of forensic sciences
Journal of forensic sciences 医学-医学:法
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
215
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Forensic Sciences (JFS) is the official publication of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences (AAFS). It is devoted to the publication of original investigations, observations, scholarly inquiries and reviews in various branches of the forensic sciences. These include anthropology, criminalistics, digital and multimedia sciences, engineering and applied sciences, pathology/biology, psychiatry and behavioral science, jurisprudence, odontology, questioned documents, and toxicology. Similar submissions dealing with forensic aspects of other sciences and the social sciences are also accepted, as are submissions dealing with scientifically sound emerging science disciplines. The content and/or views expressed in the JFS are not necessarily those of the AAFS, the JFS Editorial Board, the organizations with which authors are affiliated, or the publisher of JFS. All manuscript submissions are double-blind peer-reviewed.
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