载脂蛋白 D3 和 LOX 产物在鳞翅目昆虫 Spodoptera exigua 的免疫原性中发挥作用

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Shiva Haraji , Reza Talaei-Hassanloui , Shabbir Ahmed , Gahyeon Jin , Donghee Lee , Yonggyun Kim
{"title":"载脂蛋白 D3 和 LOX 产物在鳞翅目昆虫 Spodoptera exigua 的免疫原性中发挥作用","authors":"Shiva Haraji ,&nbsp;Reza Talaei-Hassanloui ,&nbsp;Shabbir Ahmed ,&nbsp;Gahyeon Jin ,&nbsp;Donghee Lee ,&nbsp;Yonggyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105198","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Immune-priming occurs in insects after a prior pathogen exposure. However, its underlying mechanism in insects remains elusive. In the present work, immune-priming was detected in a lepidopteran insect, <em>Spodoptera exigua</em>. Specifically, a prior infection with a heat-killed pathogenic bacterium, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, led to increased survival upon the second infection of different pathogens. Plasma collected from larvae with the prior infection possessed the immune-priming factor(s) that significantly up-regulated cellular and humoral immune responses of naïve larvae. Our study also finds that variations in the timing of plasma collection for priming larvae resulted in distinct impacts on both cellular and humoral responses. However, when the active plasma exhibiting the immune-priming was heat-treated, it lost this priming activity, therefore suggesting that protein factor(s) play a role in this immune-priming. An immunofluorescence assay showed that the hemocytes collected from the immune-primed larvae highly reacted to a polyclonal antibody specific to a vertebrate lipocalin, apolipoprotein D (ApoD). Among 27 ApoD genes (<em>Se-ApoD1</em> ∼ <em>Se-ApoD27</em>) of <em>S. exigua</em>, <em>Se-ApoD3</em> was found to be highly induced during the immune-priming, in which it was shown to be expressed in hemocytes and fat body from a fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization analysis. RNA interference of <em>Se-ApoD3</em> expression significantly impaired the immune-priming of <em>S. exigua</em> larvae. Moreover, the inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis suppressed the immune-priming, in which treatment with a lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor—and not treatment with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor—suppressed immune-priming. Further, an addition of LOX product such as lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> or lipoxin B<sub>4</sub> significantly rescued the lost immune-priming activity. Taken together, these results suggest that a complex of ApoD3 and LOX product mediates the immune-priming activity of <em>S. exigua</em>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Apolipoprotein D3 and LOX product play a role in immune-priming of a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua\",\"authors\":\"Shiva Haraji ,&nbsp;Reza Talaei-Hassanloui ,&nbsp;Shabbir Ahmed ,&nbsp;Gahyeon Jin ,&nbsp;Donghee Lee ,&nbsp;Yonggyun Kim\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dci.2024.105198\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Immune-priming occurs in insects after a prior pathogen exposure. However, its underlying mechanism in insects remains elusive. In the present work, immune-priming was detected in a lepidopteran insect, <em>Spodoptera exigua</em>. Specifically, a prior infection with a heat-killed pathogenic bacterium, <em>Escherichia coli</em>, led to increased survival upon the second infection of different pathogens. Plasma collected from larvae with the prior infection possessed the immune-priming factor(s) that significantly up-regulated cellular and humoral immune responses of naïve larvae. Our study also finds that variations in the timing of plasma collection for priming larvae resulted in distinct impacts on both cellular and humoral responses. However, when the active plasma exhibiting the immune-priming was heat-treated, it lost this priming activity, therefore suggesting that protein factor(s) play a role in this immune-priming. An immunofluorescence assay showed that the hemocytes collected from the immune-primed larvae highly reacted to a polyclonal antibody specific to a vertebrate lipocalin, apolipoprotein D (ApoD). Among 27 ApoD genes (<em>Se-ApoD1</em> ∼ <em>Se-ApoD27</em>) of <em>S. exigua</em>, <em>Se-ApoD3</em> was found to be highly induced during the immune-priming, in which it was shown to be expressed in hemocytes and fat body from a fluorescence <em>in situ</em> hybridization analysis. RNA interference of <em>Se-ApoD3</em> expression significantly impaired the immune-priming of <em>S. exigua</em> larvae. Moreover, the inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis suppressed the immune-priming, in which treatment with a lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor—and not treatment with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor—suppressed immune-priming. Further, an addition of LOX product such as lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> or lipoxin B<sub>4</sub> significantly rescued the lost immune-priming activity. Taken together, these results suggest that a complex of ApoD3 and LOX product mediates the immune-priming activity of <em>S. exigua</em>.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":2,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS Applied Bio Materials\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-23\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS Applied Bio Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X24000703\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0145305X24000703","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

昆虫在接触病原体后会产生免疫原性。然而,其在昆虫中的潜在机制仍然难以捉摸。在本研究中,鳞翅目昆虫 Spodoptera exigua 发现了免疫增强现象。具体来说,之前感染过热致死致病菌大肠杆菌的昆虫在第二次感染不同病原体时存活率会提高。从先前感染过病原体的幼虫体内收集的血浆中含有免疫刺激因子,可显著提高幼稚幼虫的细胞和体液免疫反应。我们的研究还发现,采集幼虫血浆的时间不同,对细胞和体液反应的影响也不同。然而,当表现出免疫引导作用的活性血浆经过热处理后,就失去了这种引导活性,因此表明蛋白质因子在这种免疫引导作用中起了作用。免疫荧光试验表明,从免疫增强幼虫体内收集的血细胞对脊椎动物脂联素(载脂蛋白 D,ApoD)特异性多克隆抗体反应强烈。在 S. exigua 的 27 个载脂蛋白 D 基因(Se-ApoD1 ∼ Se-ApoD27)中,Se-ApoD3 在免疫诱导过程中被高度诱导,荧光原位杂交分析表明它在血细胞和脂肪体中表达。通过 RNA 干扰 Se-ApoD3 的表达,可显著降低 S. exigua 幼虫的免疫萌发能力。此外,抑制二十碳烷类化合物的生物合成也会抑制免疫刺激,其中使用脂氧合酶 (LOX) 抑制剂会抑制免疫刺激,而环氧合酶抑制剂不会抑制免疫刺激。此外,添加脂氧化酶(LOX)产物,如脂氧化酶 A4 或脂氧化酶 B4,可明显缓解失去的免疫刺激活性。总之,这些结果表明,载脂蛋白 D3 和 LOX 产物的复合物介导了 S. exigua 的免疫刺激活性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Apolipoprotein D3 and LOX product play a role in immune-priming of a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua

Immune-priming occurs in insects after a prior pathogen exposure. However, its underlying mechanism in insects remains elusive. In the present work, immune-priming was detected in a lepidopteran insect, Spodoptera exigua. Specifically, a prior infection with a heat-killed pathogenic bacterium, Escherichia coli, led to increased survival upon the second infection of different pathogens. Plasma collected from larvae with the prior infection possessed the immune-priming factor(s) that significantly up-regulated cellular and humoral immune responses of naïve larvae. Our study also finds that variations in the timing of plasma collection for priming larvae resulted in distinct impacts on both cellular and humoral responses. However, when the active plasma exhibiting the immune-priming was heat-treated, it lost this priming activity, therefore suggesting that protein factor(s) play a role in this immune-priming. An immunofluorescence assay showed that the hemocytes collected from the immune-primed larvae highly reacted to a polyclonal antibody specific to a vertebrate lipocalin, apolipoprotein D (ApoD). Among 27 ApoD genes (Se-ApoD1 ∼ Se-ApoD27) of S. exigua, Se-ApoD3 was found to be highly induced during the immune-priming, in which it was shown to be expressed in hemocytes and fat body from a fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. RNA interference of Se-ApoD3 expression significantly impaired the immune-priming of S. exigua larvae. Moreover, the inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis suppressed the immune-priming, in which treatment with a lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor—and not treatment with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor—suppressed immune-priming. Further, an addition of LOX product such as lipoxin A4 or lipoxin B4 significantly rescued the lost immune-priming activity. Taken together, these results suggest that a complex of ApoD3 and LOX product mediates the immune-priming activity of S. exigua.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信