通过树干更新管理易感 "长相思 "酿酒葡萄中的 Esca

IF 16.4 1区 化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Kendra Baumgartner, Israel Luna, Arran C Rumbaugh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在一个有 17 年树龄的葡萄园中,对树干病 Esca 的高度易感性 "长相思 "酿酒葡萄进行了树干更新评估,树干病 Esca 的叶片和木质部症状为中度。树干在嫁接结合处上方被切断,去除其上方葡萄树的所有木质部分,包括受感染的木质部。然后,在树干基部从假定健康的木头上抽出嫩枝,重新培养新树干。在树干更新之前,我们从 97 株有症状的葡萄树中检测到了 26% 的埃斯卡病原体。树干更新五年后,有 72 株重新培植的葡萄树仍无症状,24 株被重新栽种(即树干更新后没有长出新枝),1 株出现叶片和果实症状。将无症状复壮葡萄树的无症状果实(RV-AF)与未复壮葡萄树的无症状果实(RV-SF)进行了化学成分比较,后者包括无症状葡萄树的无症状果实(AV-AF),以及同一有症状葡萄树的无症状果实(SV-AF)和有症状果实(SV-SF)。鉴于五个生长季后无症状葡萄树的复壮比例很高,树干更新是一种有效的栽培方法。虽然用于采收决策的化学参数(总可溶性固形物、pH 值、可滴定酸度)没有差异,但 SV-SF 的独特之处在于儿茶素和表儿茶素类黄酮的浓度最高,而挥发性芳香族化合物己醛和 2-己醛的浓度最低。在所有三个区中,在有明显斑点的果实中发现的这些结果可能反映了寄主防御反应和/或埃斯卡对果实成熟的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Managing Esca in susceptible ‘Sauvignon blanc’ wine grapes through trunk renewal
Trunk renewal was evaluated as a treatment for highly susceptible ‘Sauvignon blanc’ wine grapes with moderate leaf and wood symptoms of the trunk disease Esca, in a 17-year-old vineyard, seven years after symptoms first appeared. The trunk was cut above the graft union, removing all woody parts of the vine above it, including infected wood. Then a new trunk was retrained from a shoot off presumably healthy wood, at the base of the trunk. Prior to trunk renewal, we detected Esca pathogens from 26% of 97 symptomatic vines. Five years after trunk renewal, 72 retrained vines were still asymptomatic, 24 were replanted (i.e., did not produce a shoot after trunk renewal), and one had leaf and fruit symptoms. Chemical composition of asymptomatic fruit from asymptomatic-retrained vines (RV-AF) was compared to that of vines that were not retrained, the latter of which included asymptomatic fruit from asymptomatic vines (AV-AF), and both asymptomatic fruit (SV-AF) and symptomatic fruit (SV-SF) from the same symptomatic vines. Given the high proportion of asymptomatic retrained vines after five growing seasons, trunk renewal was an effective cultural practice. Although there were no differences in chemistry parameters used to make harvest decisions (total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity), SV-SF was unique in having the highest concentrations of the flavonoids catechin and epicatechin, and the lowest concentrations of the volatile-aroma compounds hexanal and 2-hexanal. These findings in all three blocks, among fruit with visible spots, may reflect a host-defense response and/or the effect of Esca on fruit ripening.
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来源期刊
Accounts of Chemical Research
Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合
CiteScore
31.40
自引率
1.10%
发文量
312
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.
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