释放泥炭地和棕榈栽培潜力,实现德国的气候目标:障碍和主要行动领域

IF 3.3 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Sabine Wichmann, Anke Nordt
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引用次数: 0

摘要

要实现气候减缓目标,必须大幅减少排水泥炭地的温室气体排放量。在德国,泥炭地的年排放量为 5 300 万二氧化碳当量,占全国温室气体排放总量的 7% 以上。泥炭地排水和开垦历来被视为进步和技术成就的象征,而农业一直是泥炭地排水和开垦的主要驱动力。在德国,为实现《巴黎协定》中 1.5°C 的目标,到 2050 年,应重新湿润 130 万公顷用于农业的排水泥炭地。泥炭沼泽栽培法允许对潮湿泥炭地进行生产性利用,而不是在复湿后将其废弃。因此,这种方法可能会为自愿的大规模泥炭地复湿铺平道路。然而,实施的情况仍然很少。泥炭地排水的悠久历史和巨大范围决定了政治和法律框架以及观念和态度,从而阻碍了复湿和气候友好型泥炭地利用。本政策与实践综述调查了阻碍德国实施的政治、法律、经济和社会方面的问题,并提出了克服多重限制的方法。最后,确定了三大行动领域:(1) 为增加和加速复湿,需要采取一致的泥炭地主流化方法,克服结构性障碍,调整政策和法律框架,如共同农业政策、规划法、水法和自然保护法。(2) 为推动快速转型,需要建立一个直接、全面和有吸引力的积极激励机制。与此同时,应及早宣布并逐步引入负面激励措施,为农民和土地所有者制定明确的路线并提供规划确定性。(3) 公正的过渡取决于赋予当地社区权力,使其能够发展和追求适合其泥炭地区域的观点。未来将泥炭地作为社会生态系统进行研究,有助于确定特定地区可持续泥炭地管理的驱动因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Unlocking the potential of peatlands and paludiculture to achieve Germany’s climate targets: obstacles and major fields of action
Greenhouse gas emissions from drained peatlands must be substantially reduced to meet climate mitigation targets. In Germany, annual peatland emissions of 53 Mt CO2e account for more than 7% of total national GHG emissions. Peatland drainage and reclamation is traditionally considered as a symbol of progress and technical achievement, where agriculture has been the major driver. In Germany, an area of 1.3 million ha of drained peatlands used for agriculture ought to be rewetted by 2050 to meet the 1.5°C target of the Paris Agreement. Paludiculture allows a productive use of wet peatlands instead of abandonment following rewetting. This approach might therefore pave the way for voluntary large-scale peatland rewetting. However, implementation remains scarce. The long history and large extent of peatland drainage has shaped the political and legal framework as well as perceptions and attitudes, thus impeding rewetting and climate-friendly peatland use. This policy and practice review investigates the political, legal, economic and social aspects that hinder the implementation in Germany and derives approaches to overcome multifold restrictions. Finally, three major fields of action are identified: (1) To increase and accelerate rewetting, a consistent peatland mainstreaming approach is needed that overcomes structural barriers and adapts the policy and legal framework, e.g., the Common Agricultural Policy, planning law, water law and nature conservation law. (2) To motivate for a rapid transition, a system of immediate, comprehensive and attractive positive incentives is needed. This should be accompanied by early announcement and gradual introduction of negative incentives to set a clear course and provide planning certainty for farmers and landowners. (3) A just transition depends on empowering local communities to develop and pursue perspectives tailored to their peatland region. Future research of peatlands as social-ecological systems can help to identify region-specific drivers for sustainable peatland management.
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来源期刊
Frontiers in Climate
Frontiers in Climate Environmental Science-Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
233
审稿时长
15 weeks
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