利用 FIND-IT(一种用于酵母代谢工程的非转基因方法)改变酵母菌的风味特征,用于工业酿造。

IF 4.5 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH METHODS
Vratislav Stovicek , Klaus B. Lengeler , Toni Wendt , Magnus Rasmussen , Michael Katz , Jochen Förster
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引用次数: 0

摘要

几个世纪以来,酵母菌在酒精饮料和烘焙业中发挥了不可替代的作用。在过去几十年中,酿酒酵母菌已成为工业化生产酒精和其他有价值化学品的首选生物,也是现代遗传学和基因组学兴起的模式生物。当今的啤酒酿造业面临着传统啤酒消费减少和消费者对新啤酒风格、口味和香味的需求增加的挑战。目前使用的酿酒菌株数量及其遗传多样性还很有限,而实施更多的遗传和表型变异被视为应对市场挑战的一种解决方案。这就需要对现有的生产菌株进行改良,或从其他环境(如工业或野生栖息地)中引入新型菌株到酿造业中。由于许多国家的法律规定以及客户对转基因生物的负面看法,食品和饮料的生产需要非转基因生产生物,而开发非转基因生产生物既困难又耗时。在此,我们应用 FIND-IT(通过数字 PCR 快速鉴定核苷酸变体)这一超快基因组挖掘方法来分离具有不同风味特征的新型酵母变体。FIND-IT 方法结合了随机诱变、液滴数字 PCR 和针对特定所需突变的探针,以及突变克隆的子分离。这种方法可以有针对性地鉴定和分离出特定的突变菌株,这些菌株不再产生特定的风味和异味,并且/或者菌株的新陈代谢发生了变化。我们证明,该技术可用于鉴定非相关工业品系和野生品系中不同倍性的功能缺失或功能增益突变。在没有其他表型选择的情况下,该技术可与标准育种技术一起作为一种现代工具,促进(酿酒)酵母菌株的改良,从而实现产品组合的多样化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Modifying flavor profiles of Saccharomyces spp. for industrial brewing using FIND-IT, a non-GMO approach for metabolic engineering of yeast

Species of Saccharomyces genus have played an irreplaceable role in alcoholic beverage and baking industry for centuries. S. cerevisiae has also become an organism of choice for industrial production of alcohol and other valuable chemicals and a model organism shaping the rise of modern genetics and genomics in the past few decades. Today´s brewing industry faces challenges of decreasing consumption of traditional beer styles and increasing consumer demand for new styles, flavors and aromas. The number of currently used brewer’s strains and their genetic diversity is yet limited and implementation of more genetic and phenotypic variation is seen as a solution to cope with the market challenges. This requires modification of current production strains or introduction of novel strains from other settings, e.g. industrial or wild habitats into the brewing industry. Due to legal regulation in many countries and negative customer perception of GMO organisms, the production of food and beverages requires non-GMO production organisms, whose development can be difficult and time-consuming. Here, we apply FIND-IT (Fast Identification of Nucleotide variants by DigITal PCR), an ultrafast genome-mining method, for isolation of novel yeast variants with varying flavor profiles. The FIND-IT method uses combination of random mutagenesis, droplet digital PCR with probes that target a specific desired mutation and a sub-isolation of the mutant clone. Such an approach allows the targeted identification and isolation of specific mutant strains with eliminated production of certain flavor and off-flavors and/or changes in the strain metabolism. We demonstrate that the technology is useful for the identification of loss-of function or gain of function mutations in unrelated industrial and wild strains differing in ploidy. Where no other phenotypic selection exists, this technology serves together with standard breeding techniques as a modern tool facilitating a modification of (brewer’s) yeast strains leading to diversification of the product portfolio.

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来源期刊
New biotechnology
New biotechnology 生物-生化研究方法
CiteScore
11.40
自引率
1.90%
发文量
77
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: New Biotechnology is the official journal of the European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) and is published bimonthly. It covers both the science of biotechnology and its surrounding political, business and financial milieu. The journal publishes peer-reviewed basic research papers, authoritative reviews, feature articles and opinions in all areas of biotechnology. It reflects the full diversity of current biotechnology science, particularly those advances in research and practice that open opportunities for exploitation of knowledge, commercially or otherwise, together with news, discussion and comment on broader issues of general interest and concern. The outlook is fully international. The scope of the journal includes the research, industrial and commercial aspects of biotechnology, in areas such as: Healthcare and Pharmaceuticals; Food and Agriculture; Biofuels; Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology; Genomics and Synthetic Biology; Nanotechnology; Environment and Biodiversity; Biocatalysis; Bioremediation; Process engineering.
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