食用大麦和燕麦对免疫系统、炎症和肠道微生物群的影响:随机对照试验的系统回顾

IF 4.6 3区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Current Nutrition Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-24 DOI:10.1007/s13668-024-00543-x
María-Engracia Cortijo-Alfonso, María-Paz Romero, Alba Macià, Silvia Yuste, Marian Moralejo, Laura Rubió-Piqué, Carme Piñol-Felis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:本系统综述旨在研究全谷物燕麦(Avena sativa)和大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)或其分离部分对免疫和炎症功能的影响,以及对肠道微生物群的影响。根据 PRISMA 指南进行了结构化文献检索。随机对照试验(RCT)调查了成年人食用燕麦或大麦的影响,并报告了以下≥一项内容:最近的研究结果:共纳入了 16 项 RCT,其中 6 项研究招募了代谢高危人群,包括超重和肥胖、代谢综合征或高胆固醇血症患者。此外,3 项试验涉及年轻健康人群,5 项试验针对老年人(50 岁以上),2 项研究涉及其他疾病人群。共有 1091 人参与了短期(最多 14 天)和长期(14 天后,最多 90 天)补充燕麦或大麦产品的评估。9 项研究测量了炎症生物标志物,其中 5 项研究报告称炎症生物标志物显著减少,特别是在长期研究中。值得注意的是,在健康人中没有发现抗炎益处的证据,而涉及代谢高危人群的研究则显示炎症有望减轻。有 13 项研究测量了燕麦和大麦对肠道微生物群的影响,这些研究共同表明,燕麦和大麦食品可以影响肠道微生物群的组成,在某些情况下与代谢改善有关。食用燕麦和大麦可能会对代谢高危人群产生抗炎作用,并影响肠道微生物群的结果。然而,在健康人中没有观察到抗炎作用。本系统综述的结果表明,由于试验有限,干预措施和健康状况各不相同,因此在解释研究结果时要谨慎。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of Barley and Oat Consumption on Immune System, Inflammation and Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Purpose of review: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the effects of whole grain Avena sativa and Hordeum vulgare L., or their isolated fractions, on immune and inflammatory functions, as well as their influence on gut microbiota. A structured literature search was undertaken in line with PRISMA guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of oats or barley consumption in adults and reported ≥ 1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-2, IL-8, IL-18, lipopolysacharide binding protein (LBP) or gut microbiota-related outcomes, were included.

Recent findings: A total of 16 RCTs were included, among which 6 studies recruited metabolically at-risk population, including individuals with overweight and obesity, metabolic syndrome or hypercholesterolemia. Additionally, 3 trials involved young healthy population, 5 trials targeted older individuals (aged over 50 years), and 2 studies encompassed populations with other disease states. A total of 1091 individuals were included in the evaluation of short-term (up to 14 days) and long-term (beyond 14 days, up to 90 days) supplementation with oats or barley-based products. 9 studies measured inflammatory biomarkers and 5 of them reported significant reductions, specifically in long-term studies. Notably, no evidence of anti-inflammatory benefits was found in healthy individuals, whereas studies involving metabolically at-risk populations showed promising reductions in inflammation. 13 studies measured the impact on gut microbiota, and collectively suggest that oats and barley food products can influence the composition of gut microbiota, associated in some cases with metabolic improvements. Oats and barley consumption may confer anti-inflammatory effects in metabolically at-risk populations and influence gut microbiota outcomes. However, no anti-inflammatory benefits were observed in healthy individuals. Results from this systematic review suggests caution in interpreting findings due to limited trials and variations in interventions and health conditions.

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来源期刊
Current Nutrition Reports
Current Nutrition Reports Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Food Science
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
2.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: This journal aims to provide comprehensive review articles that emphasize significant developments in nutrition research emerging in recent publications. By presenting clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts, the journal intends to discuss the influence of nutrition on major health conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and obesity, as well as the impact of nutrition on genetics, metabolic function, and public health. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas across the field. Section Editors select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field, and an Editorial Board of more than 25 internationally diverse members reviews the annual table of contents, suggests topics of special importance to their country/region, and ensures that topics and current and include emerging research.
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