葡萄糖和酮体在神经干细胞新陈代谢中的相互作用。

IF 2.9 3区 医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES
Joseph W. Molloy, Denis Barry
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引用次数: 0

摘要

葡萄糖是神经干细胞的主要能量来源,支持其增殖、分化和静止。然而,大脑发育过程中对葡萄糖的高需求往往供不应求,这就导致了对包括酮体在内的替代能源的利用。酮体(包括β-羟基丁酸)是通过肝生酮作用产生的短链脂肪酸,在需要时为 NSCs 提供能量和生物合成成分方面起着至关重要的作用。葡萄糖和酮体代谢之间的相互作用影响着 NSC 的行为和命运决定,这些代谢途径的中断与神经发育、神经精神和神经退行性疾病有关。此外,酮体对神经干细胞具有神经保护作用,并能调节细胞对氧化应激、能量维持、去乙酰化和炎症的反应。因此,了解神经干细胞中葡萄糖和酮体代谢的相互依存关系对于了解它们在神经干细胞功能中的作用及其对神经疾病的影响至关重要。本文综述了 NSCs 中葡萄糖和酮的利用机制、它们对 NSC 功能的影响以及针对这些代谢途径在神经系统疾病中的治疗潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The interplay between glucose and ketone bodies in neural stem cell metabolism

Glucose is the primary energy source for neural stem cells (NSCs), supporting their proliferation, differentiation, and quiescence. However, the high demand for glucose during brain development often exceeds its supply, leading to the utilization of alternative energy sources including ketone bodies. Ketone bodies, including β-hydroxybutyrate, are short-chain fatty acids produced through hepatic ketogenesis and play a crucial role in providing energy and the biosynthetic components for NSCs when required. The interplay between glucose and ketone metabolism influences NSC behavior and fate decisions, and disruptions in these metabolic pathways have been linked to neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurodegenerative disorders. Additionally, ketone bodies exert neuroprotective effects on NSCs and modulate cellular responses to oxidative stress, energy maintenance, deacetylation, and inflammation. As such, understanding the interdependence of glucose and ketone metabolism in NSCs is crucial to understanding their roles in NSC function and their implications for neurological conditions. This article reviews the mechanisms of glucose and ketone utilization in NSCs, their impact on NSC function, and the therapeutic potential of targeting these metabolic pathways in neurological disorders.

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来源期刊
Journal of Neuroscience Research
Journal of Neuroscience Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
9.50
自引率
2.40%
发文量
145
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Neuroscience Research (JNR) publishes novel research results that will advance our understanding of the development, function and pathophysiology of the nervous system, using molecular, cellular, systems, and translational approaches. JNR covers both basic research and clinical aspects of neurology, neuropathology, psychiatry or psychology. The journal focuses on uncovering the intricacies of brain structure and function. Research published in JNR covers all species from invertebrates to humans, and the reports inform the readers about the function and organization of the nervous system, with emphasis on how disease modifies the function and organization.
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