Coin-Shaped Carbon Prepared with Cerbera manghas Fibers via Multistage Carbonization and Activation for High-Performance Symmetrical Supercapacitors

Supercapacitor energy storage devices and activated carbon (AC) manufacturing materials for producing high-performance supercapacitors have received extensive attention from researchers. Biomass-based AC has been extensively studied due to its environmental friendliness, abundant availability, porous structure, and high specific surface area. This work focuses on developing biomass-based carbon electrodes derived from Cerbera manghas fiber (CMF) with variations in carbonization temperature to obtain optimum supercapacitor cell performance. The prepared CMF AC was characterized using energy dispersive X-ray, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and nitrogen isothermal adsorption–desorption. CMF AC with the optimum carbonization temperature (CMF-600) produced a fibrous structure with a lot of mesoporous so that the specific surface area and specific capacitance were high, namely, 721.495 m² g⁻¹ and 221 F g⁻¹ at scan rate 1 mV s⁻¹, respectively. The results of this study indicate that selecting the optimum temperature can enhance the performance of supercapacitor cells and make AC based on CMF biomass potential for cheap and efficient energy storage applications.