界面设计对无人飞行器控制中认知工作量的影响

IF 5.3 2区 计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, CYBERNETICS
Wenjuan Zhang , Yunmei Liu , David B. Kaber
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引用次数: 0

摘要

无人飞行器(UAV)控制界面是飞行器与操作员之间传递信息的重要渠道。对系统性能的研究主要集中在提高飞行器的自动化程度上,一些研究还对现有无人飞行器界面的认知工作量进行了评估。在早期设计阶段,可用界面设计减少认知工作量的潜力在很大程度上被忽视了。本研究通过以下方法弥补了这些不足(1) 评估当代无人机界面设计工具(改良版 GEDIS-UAV)在减轻用户工作量方面的有效性;(2) 检验各种无人机界面设计在不同控制任务步调下减少认知工作量的有效性;(3) 探索使用传统上应用于其他领域的眼动跟踪测量方法作为无人机操作中认知工作量的指标。我们设计了三种不同的界面原型,分为 "基线"、"增强 "和 "退化 "界面。无人机操作中的认知工作量根据车辆速度水平("低 "和 "高")进行操控。针对界面设计和任务需求的所有组合,收集了工作量的生理和主观测量数据。结果表明,与 "基线 "和 "降级 "界面相比,"增强 "界面产生的操作员认知工作量最低,并支持操作员对控制任务需求增加的适应能力。此外,研究还发现任务需求会增加操作员的认知工作量,尤其是在 "心理 "和 "时间 "需求以及操作员对 "性能 "的感知方面。研究还证明了眼动跟踪技术在检测无人机操作认知工作量方面的实用性。这项研究为无人机控制界面设计提供了实用指导,以管理操作员的工作量。研究中采用的方法适用于各类无人机和其他无人系统的界面评估,以增强人机交互。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Effect of interface design on cognitive workload in unmanned aerial vehicle control

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control interfaces are critical channels for transferring information between the vehicle and an operator. Research on system performance has focused on enhancing vehicle automation and some work has evaluated cognitive workload for existing UAV interfaces. The potential for usable interface design to reduce cognitive workload during the early design phase has been largely overlooked. This study addresses these gaps by: (1) evaluating the effectiveness of a contemporary UAV interface design tool (the Modified GEDIS-UAV) to moderate user workload; (2) examining the effectiveness of various UAV interface designs for minimizing cognitive workload under different control task pacing; and (3) exploring the use of eye tracking measures, traditionally applied in other domains, as indicators of cognitive workload in UAV operations. We prototyped three different interface designs, classified as “baseline”, “enhanced” and “degraded” interfaces. Cognitive workload in UAV operation was manipulated in terms of levels of vehicle speed (“low” and “high”). Physiological and subjective measures of workload were collected for all combinations of interface design and task demand. Results revealed the “enhanced” interface to yield the lowest operator cognitive workload and supported operator resilience to increased control task demand, as compared to the “baseline” and “degraded” interfaces. In addition, task demand was found to elevate operator cognitive workload, particularly in terms of "mental" and "temporal" demands and operator perceptions of "performance". The study also demonstrated utility of eye-tracking technology for detecting cognitive workload in UAV operations. This research provides practical guidance for UAV control interface design to manage operator workload. The methods employed in the study are applicable to interface evaluation for various types of UAVs and other unmanned systems to enhance human-automation interaction.

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来源期刊
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies 工程技术-计算机:控制论
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
5.60%
发文量
108
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Human-Computer Studies publishes original research over the whole spectrum of work relevant to the theory and practice of innovative interactive systems. The journal is inherently interdisciplinary, covering research in computing, artificial intelligence, psychology, linguistics, communication, design, engineering, and social organization, which is relevant to the design, analysis, evaluation and application of innovative interactive systems. Papers at the boundaries of these disciplines are especially welcome, as it is our view that interdisciplinary approaches are needed for producing theoretical insights in this complex area and for effective deployment of innovative technologies in concrete user communities. Research areas relevant to the journal include, but are not limited to: • Innovative interaction techniques • Multimodal interaction • Speech interaction • Graphic interaction • Natural language interaction • Interaction in mobile and embedded systems • Interface design and evaluation methodologies • Design and evaluation of innovative interactive systems • User interface prototyping and management systems • Ubiquitous computing • Wearable computers • Pervasive computing • Affective computing • Empirical studies of user behaviour • Empirical studies of programming and software engineering • Computer supported cooperative work • Computer mediated communication • Virtual reality • Mixed and augmented Reality • Intelligent user interfaces • Presence ...
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