Gonzalo Ortiz de Elguea-Culebras , David Herraiz-Peñalver , David Prieto-Blanco , Noemi Cerro-Ibáñez , Raúl Sánchez-Vioque , Juliana Navarro-Rocha , María Ángeles Sanz , M. Carmen Asensio-S.-Manzanera , Silvia Pérez-Magariño , Baudilio Herrero , Enrique Melero-Bravo
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For this purpose, 215 EOs, obtained by steam distillation between 2016 and 2022 in agricultural farms located in 13 provinces of Spain, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in three public R&D centers: the Regional Institute for Agrifood and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), the Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla y León (ITACyL) and the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon (CITA). The chemical composition of the EO of lavandin showed great inter- and intra-varietal variability, with the main compounds being linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor and 1,8-cineole. The results showed that the contents of camphor and 1,8-cineole were higher in ´Grosso´ (7.2% <em>vs</em> 5.0% and 5.7% <em>vs</em> 3.8%, respectively), while those of linalool and linalyl acetate were higher in ´Super´ (35.8% <em>vs</em> 34.2% and 33.7% <em>vs</em> 27.2%). Among minor compounds, the lavandin 'Super' exhibited a higher content of β-Z-ocimene and β-E-ocimene, and a lower content of terpinen-4-ol compared to 'Grosso´. Additionally, eleven compounds of lavandin 'Grosso' were compared within the ranges established by ISO 8902:2009 standard, revealing that only 18% of the samples complied with it for all of these compounds. In this sense, the contents of α-terpineol, linalool and lavandulyl acetate were above the upper limit of the standard in respectively 49%, 23% and 21% of the samples. On the contrary, 36% of the samples for β-Z-ocimene and 32% for linalyl acetate were below the range of this regulation. Unfortunately, these discrepancies with the ISO regulation exclude numerous EOs from the market despite their value in different sectors like perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, phytosanitary or pharmacy. This work could serve as a guidance and/or reference study of Spanish essential oil of ´Grosso´ and ´Super´ clones for stakeholders involved in the lavandin EO market.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":15136,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Essential oils of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) of Spain: A case study on clones ´Grosso´ and ´Super´\",\"authors\":\"Gonzalo Ortiz de Elguea-Culebras , David Herraiz-Peñalver , David Prieto-Blanco , Noemi Cerro-Ibáñez , Raúl Sánchez-Vioque , Juliana Navarro-Rocha , María Ángeles Sanz , M. 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For this purpose, 215 EOs, obtained by steam distillation between 2016 and 2022 in agricultural farms located in 13 provinces of Spain, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in three public R&D centers: the Regional Institute for Agrifood and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), the Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla y León (ITACyL) and the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon (CITA). The chemical composition of the EO of lavandin showed great inter- and intra-varietal variability, with the main compounds being linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor and 1,8-cineole. The results showed that the contents of camphor and 1,8-cineole were higher in ´Grosso´ (7.2% <em>vs</em> 5.0% and 5.7% <em>vs</em> 3.8%, respectively), while those of linalool and linalyl acetate were higher in ´Super´ (35.8% <em>vs</em> 34.2% and 33.7% <em>vs</em> 27.2%). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
薰衣草(Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.)是由薰衣草(L. angustifolia Mill.)和穗状薰衣草(L. latifolia Medik.)杂交而成的不育天然杂交种,其种植在西班牙具有重要意义。这项工作旨在研究西班牙种植的克隆´Grosso´和´Super´薰衣草精油(EOs)的化学成分。为此,三个公共研发中心(卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰地区农业食品和林业研究与发展研究所(IRIAF)、卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂农业技术研究所(ITACyL)和阿拉贡农业食品研究与技术中心(CITA))采用气相色谱法(GC)分析了 2016 年至 2022 年期间在西班牙 13 个省的农业农场通过蒸汽蒸馏获得的 215 种环氧乙烷。薰衣草萃取物的化学成分在品种间和品种内存在很大差异,主要化合物为芳樟醇、乙酸芳樟酯、樟脑和 1,8-蒎烯。结果表明,´Grosso´中的樟脑和 1,8-松油醇含量较高(分别为 7.2% vs 5.0% 和 5.7% vs 3.8%),而´Super´中的芳樟醇和乙酸芳樟酯含量较高(分别为 35.8% vs 34.2% 和 33.7% vs 27.2%)。在次要化合物中,与'Grosso'相比,'Super'中的β-Z-ocimene和β-E-ocimene含量较高,而萜品烯-4-醇的含量较低。此外,在 ISO 8902:2009 标准规定的范围内比较了 "格罗索 "薰衣草素的 11 种化合物,结果显示只有 18% 的样品符合所有这些化合物的标准。从这个意义上说,α-松油醇、芳樟醇和乙酸薰衣草酯的含量分别有 49%、23% 和 21% 的样品超过了标准上限。相反,36% 的 β-Z-ocimene 样品和 32% 的乙酸芳樟酯样品低于该规定的范围。遗憾的是,尽管许多环氧乙烷在香水、化妆品、芳香疗法、植物检疫或制药等不同领域具有重要价值,但这些与国际标准化组织规定不符的环氧乙烷却被排除在市场之外。这项工作可作为西班牙 "格罗索 "和 "超级 "克隆精油的指导和/或参考研究,供参与薰衣草环氧乙烷市场的利益相关者参考。
Essential oils of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) of Spain: A case study on clones ´Grosso´ and ´Super´
Lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia Emeric ex Loisel.) is a sterile natural hybrid obtained from the crossing of lavender (L. angustifolia Mill.) and spike lavender (L. latifolia Medik.), and its cultivation has gained great importance in Spain. This work is aimed to study the chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) of lavandin from clones ´Grosso´ and ´Super´ cultivated in Spain. For this purpose, 215 EOs, obtained by steam distillation between 2016 and 2022 in agricultural farms located in 13 provinces of Spain, were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in three public R&D centers: the Regional Institute for Agrifood and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), the Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla y León (ITACyL) and the Agrifood Research and Technology Center of Aragon (CITA). The chemical composition of the EO of lavandin showed great inter- and intra-varietal variability, with the main compounds being linalool, linalyl acetate, camphor and 1,8-cineole. The results showed that the contents of camphor and 1,8-cineole were higher in ´Grosso´ (7.2% vs 5.0% and 5.7% vs 3.8%, respectively), while those of linalool and linalyl acetate were higher in ´Super´ (35.8% vs 34.2% and 33.7% vs 27.2%). Among minor compounds, the lavandin 'Super' exhibited a higher content of β-Z-ocimene and β-E-ocimene, and a lower content of terpinen-4-ol compared to 'Grosso´. Additionally, eleven compounds of lavandin 'Grosso' were compared within the ranges established by ISO 8902:2009 standard, revealing that only 18% of the samples complied with it for all of these compounds. In this sense, the contents of α-terpineol, linalool and lavandulyl acetate were above the upper limit of the standard in respectively 49%, 23% and 21% of the samples. On the contrary, 36% of the samples for β-Z-ocimene and 32% for linalyl acetate were below the range of this regulation. Unfortunately, these discrepancies with the ISO regulation exclude numerous EOs from the market despite their value in different sectors like perfumery, cosmetics, aromatherapy, phytosanitary or pharmacy. This work could serve as a guidance and/or reference study of Spanish essential oil of ´Grosso´ and ´Super´ clones for stakeholders involved in the lavandin EO market.
期刊介绍:
JARMAP is a peer reviewed and multidisciplinary communication platform, covering all aspects of the raw material supply chain of medicinal and aromatic plants. JARMAP aims to improve production of tailor made commodities by addressing the various requirements of manufacturers of herbal medicines, herbal teas, seasoning herbs, food and feed supplements and cosmetics. JARMAP covers research on genetic resources, breeding, wild-collection, domestication, propagation, cultivation, phytopathology and plant protection, mechanization, conservation, processing, quality assurance, analytics and economics. JARMAP publishes reviews, original research articles and short communications related to research.