蒙大拿州全州基于谷歌地球引擎的野火有害颗粒物(PM2.5)浓度估算

Air Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI:10.3390/air2020009
Aspen Morgan, Jeremy Crowley, Raja M. Nagisetty
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引用次数: 0

摘要

野火直接威胁着美国蒙大拿州居民的财产、生命和福祉,并通过排放到大气中的有害烟雾和气体间接威胁着他们的健康。研究表明,颗粒物水平升高会对人类健康造成影响,包括早亡、神经和免疫疾病以及癌症。虽然蒙大拿州目前有一个地面空气质量传感器网络(n = 20),但该网络的地理位置稀疏,存在很大的缺口,无法对该州许多地区的空气质量进行准确预测。利用随机森林方法,在谷歌地球引擎(GEE)环境中开发了一个预测模型,使用基于卫星的气溶胶光学深度(AOD)、露点温度(DPT)、相对湿度(RH)、风速(WIND)、风向(WDIR)、气压(PRES)和行星边界层高度(PBLH)来估算 PM2.5 浓度。预测模型的有效性通过 10 倍交叉验证进行了评估,R2 值为 0.572,RMSE 为 9.98 µg/m3。而 "保留数据 "的相应 R2 和 RMSE 值分别为 0.487 和 10.53 微克/立方米。利用经过验证的预测模型,估算出了蒙大拿州从 2012 年到 2023 年的 PM2.5 每日浓度图(1 公里分辨率)。这些浓度地图可通过使用 GEE 开发的应用程序访问。该产品提供了有关 PM2.5 浓度时空趋势的宝贵见解,有助于社区采取适当的缓解策略,最大限度地减少 PM2.5 的有害暴露。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Montana Statewide Google Earth Engine-Based Wildfire Hazardous Particulate (PM2.5) Concentration Estimation
Wildfires pose a direct threat to the property, life, and well-being of the population of Montana, USA, and indirectly to their health through hazardous smoke and gases emitted into the atmosphere. Studies have shown that elevated levels of particulate matter cause impacts to human health ranging from early death, to neurological and immune diseases, to cancer. Although there is currently a network of ground-based air quality sensors (n = 20) in Montana, the geographically sparse network has large gaps and lacks the ability to make accurate predictions for air quality in many areas of the state. Using the random forest method, a predictive model was developed in the Google Earth Engine (GEE) environment to estimate PM2.5 concentrations using satellite-based aerosol optical depth (AOD), dewpoint temperature (DPT), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WIND), wind direction (WDIR), pressure (PRES), and planetary-boundary-layer height (PBLH). The validity of the prediction model was evaluated using 10-fold cross validation with a R2 value of 0.572 and RMSE of 9.98 µg/m3. The corresponding R2 and RMSE values for ‘held-out data’ were 0.487 and 10.53 µg/m3. Using the validated prediction model, daily PM2.5 concentration maps (1 km-resolution) were estimated from 2012 to 2023 for the state of Montana. These concentration maps are accessible via an application developed using GEE. The product provides valuable insights into spatiotemporal trends of PM2.5 concentrations, which will be useful for communities to take appropriate mitigation strategies and minimize hazardous PM2.5 exposure.
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