Porosity and heat transfer analysis of nanofluids due to rotating-stretching disk with Joule heating

The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), forced convective, rotating flow of nanofluid is investigated induced by eccentric rotations of a unsteady stretching porous disk and that of the fluid at infinity. The fluid is assumed to be incompressible, viscous, and electrically conductible. The disk and fluid away from the disk rotate about non-coincident axes at the same angular velocity. The forced convection is due to the temperature gradient between the uniform temperatures of the disk and that of the fluid far away from the disk. Consideration of the Joule heating as well as viscous dissipation have been taken into account. Nanofluids based on copper, alumina, and titania have also been assumed. Exact solution has been carried out for the velocity field. Numerical solution, on the other hand, is obtained using Crank–Nicolson algorithm for the temperature profiles. Several physical aspects of the investigation are discussed and explained by means of dimensionless parameters, Prandtl number Pr, Eckert number Ec, porosity parameter S, magnetic parameter [Formula: see text] and unsteady stretching parameter. With increasing nanoparticle volume fraction, the velocity profile is reduced, while the thickness of the boundary layer upsurges. As the unsteady parameter C gets higher values, the velocity profile enhanced whereas the temperature profile gets weaker. Fluid temperature decreases as suction parameter S raises.