学龄青少年的家庭功能和未满足的心理健康需求

IF 0.4 Q4 PEDIATRICS

Adolescent Psychiatry Pub Date : 2024-05-14 DOI:10.2174/0122106766286711240509061416

Kammarauche Aneni, Soyon Kim, Jenny Meyer, Isabella Gomati de la Vega, Uzochukwu Imo, H. Onyeaka, Philip Baiden, Joseph Woolston

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引用次数: 0

摘要

未得到满足的心理健康需求会导致青少年的健康状况恶化。鉴于青少年依赖家庭获得心理健康服务，而积极的家庭功能与健康结果的改善相关，因此了解家庭层面的因素与青少年未满足的心理健康需求之间的关联对于提供包容性的解决方案至关重要。本研究旨在考察学龄青少年的家庭功能（父母加重负担、亲子沟通、家庭复原力）与未满足的心理健康需求之间的关联。我们使用双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型，利用三个解释变量，即父母加重、亲子沟通和家庭复原力，研究了未满足的心理健康需求（主要结果）与家庭功能之间的关联。我们还研究了 6-11 岁儿童和 12-17 岁青少年之间与年龄相关的差异。加权未调整分析表明，家庭复原力低与心理健康需求未得到满足的几率高出 60% 有关，而父母情绪激动和亲子沟通不畅与心理健康需求未得到满足无关。在对潜在的混杂因素进行调整后，低家庭复原力与学龄青少年未满足心理健康需求的几率高出 50%有关（AOR=1.54，95% CI：1.15-2.07）。黑人（AOR=2.28，95% CI：1.41-3.69）、年轻（AOR=0.95，95% CI：0.91-0.99）、缺乏稳定的医疗保险（AOR=2.64，95% CI：1.59-4.38）、母亲健康状况差（AOR=1.82，95% CI：1.36-2.46）也与心理健康需求未得到满足有关。在 6-11 岁的儿童中，家庭复原力低、单身、没有稳定的保险以及母亲健康状况差都与心理健康需求未得到满足有关（所有 P 均小于 0.05）。同样，在 12-17 岁的青少年中，家庭复原力低、黑人、没有稳定的保险以及母亲健康状况差也与心理健康需求未得到满足有关（所有 p 均小于 0.05）。父母一方受过大学教育与儿童（6-11 岁）心理健康需求未得到满足的几率较低有关，但与青少年（12-17 岁）无关。由于家庭是满足青少年需求不可或缺的一部分，因此在解决未满足的心理健康需求时，必须考虑到家庭复原力和父母的福祉。识别和解决导致未满足健康需求障碍的因素可能有助于解决现有的种族差异。

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Family Functioning and Unmet Mental Health Needs among School-Aged Youth

Unmet mental health needs can lead to worsening outcomes in youth. Given that youth depend on family for access to mental health services, and positive family functioning is associated with improved health outcomes, understanding the association between family-level factors and youth’s unmet mental health needs is essential to inform inclusive solutions. This study aimed to examine the association between family functioning (parental aggravation, parent-child communication, family resilience) and unmet mental health needs among school-aged youth. A cross-sectional analysis of the combined 2019-2020 National Survey on Children’s Health (NSDH) dataset was performed (n=9,204). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the association between unmet mental health needs (primary outcome) and family functioning using three explanatory variables, parental aggravation, parent-child communication, and family resilience. We also examined age-related differences in these associations between children aged 6-11 and adolescents aged 12-17. The weighted proportion of youth with reported unmet mental health needs was 18%. Weighted unadjusted analyses showed that low family resilience was associated with 60% higher odds of unmet mental health needs, while parental aggravation and poor parentchild communication were not associated with unmet mental health needs. After adjusting for potential confounders, low family resilience was associated with 50% higher odds of unmet mental health needs among school-aged youth (AOR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.15-2.07). Being Black (AOR=2.28, 95% CI: 1.41-3.69), younger (AOR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.99), lacking consistent health insurance (AOR=2.64, 95% CI: 1.59-4.38), and having a mother with poor maternal health (AOR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.36-2.46), were also associated with unmet mental health needs. Among children aged 6-11 years, low family resilience, being Black, lacking consistent insurance, and having a mother with poor maternal health were associated with unmet mental health needs (all p’s < 0.05). Similarly, among adolescents aged 12-17 years, low family resilience, being Black, lacking consistent insurance, and having a mother with poor maternal health were associated with unmet mental health needs (all p < 0.05). Having a parent with a college education was associated with lower odds of unmet mental health needs among children (6-11 years), but not adolescents (12-17 years). Our findings have suggested an association between low family resilience and unmet mental health needs among school-aged youth. Since families are an integral part of meeting youth’s needs, applying approaches to addressing unmet mental health needs that consider family resilience and parental well-being is imperative. Identifying and addressing factors contributing to unmet health needs barriers may help address existing racial disparities.

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来源期刊

Adolescent Psychiatry PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

0.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Adolescent Psychiatry a peer-reviewed journal, aims to provide mental health professionals who work with adolescents with current information relevant to the diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders in adolescents. Adolescent Psychiatry reports of original research, critical reviews of topics relevant to practitioners, clinical observations with analysis and discussion, analysis of philosophical, ethical or social aspects of the fields of psychiatry and mental health, case reports with discussions, letters, and position papers. Topics include adolescent development and developmental psychopathology, psychotherapy and other psychosocial treatment approaches, psychopharmacology, and service settings and programs. The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, The primary focus of the work should be on adolescents, transition-aged youth, or emerging adults, that is, persons 12-24 years of age . Articles on families of adolescents, or adults who have been followed since adolescence will also be considered.