周长受限图上最大独立集的不同大小

Márcia Cappelle, Julliano Nascimento, Vinícius Santos
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引用次数: 0

摘要

让 $G$ 是一个图。如果 $G$ 恰好有 $r$ 大小不同的最大独立集,那么 $G$ 属于一个叫做 $\mathcal{M}_r$ 的集合。如果 $G 在 \mathcal{M}_{r}$ 中,且其最大独立集的不同值是连续的,那么 $G$ 属于 $\mathcal{I}_{r}$。$G$ 的独立性差距是 $G$ 中最大独立集的最大值与最小值之差。 在本文中,我们证明了对于每一个整数 $r \geq 3$,在 $\mathcal{I}_{r}$ 中识别图形是 $\mathcal{NP}$ 完全的。另一方面,我们证明了对于每一个 $r (geq 1$),在 $\mathcal{M}_r$ 中识别树可以在多项式时间内完成。同时,我们还提出了一些周长至少为 6、独立性差距至少为 1 的图的特征,其中包括对于 $r (geq 2$),属于 $\mathcal{I}_r$ 的独立性差距为 $r-1$ 的图。此外,我们还提出了 $\mathcal{I}_3$ 中一些树的特征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Distinct sizes of maximal independent sets on graphs with restricted girth
Let $G$ be a graph. If $G$ has exactly $r$ distinct sizes of maximal independent sets, $G$ belongs to a collection called $\mathcal{M}_r$. If $G \in \mathcal{M}_{r}$ and the distinct values of its maximal independent sets are consecutive, then $G$ belongs to  $\mathcal{I}_{r}$. The independence gap of $G$ is the difference between the maximum and the minimum sizes of a maximal independent set in $G$.  In this paper, we show that recognizing graphs in $\mathcal{I}_r$ is $\mathcal{NP}$-complete, for every integer $r \geq 3$. On the other hand, we show that recognizing trees in $\mathcal{M}_r$ can be done in polynomial time, for every $r \geq 1$. Also, we present characterizations of some graphs with girth at least 6 with independence gap at least 1, including graphs with independence gap $r-1$, for $r\geq 2$, belonging to $\mathcal{I}_r$. Moreover, we present a characterization of some trees in $\mathcal{I}_3$.
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