不同适应水平和生存能力的母猪的生产寿命期限

V. Khalak, B. Gutyj, O. Bordun
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The work was carried out by the program of scientific research of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine No. 31, “Genetic improvement of agricultural animals, their reproduction and preservation of biodiversity” (“Genetics, conservation, and reproduction of biological resources in animal husbandry”) and No. 30 “System of organizational and technological solutions for adaptation of animals to climate change for the production of animal husbandry products (“Climate-adaptive and organic animal husbandry”). The object of the study was sows of a large white breed of French origin. The evaluation of the animals of the specified production group by indicators of reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: total farrowing, live piglets total, weight, fertility, weight, milk yield, kg; weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, kg, preservation, %. The viability index was calculated according to the method of V. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

这项工作旨在研究不同适应水平和生存能力的母猪的繁殖质量。研究在实验农场大白种猪繁育室、国家科学院东北农业研究所畜牧业和饲料生产实验室以及国立大学 "国家科学院粮食作物研究所 "畜牧业实验室的条件下进行。这项工作是在乌克兰国家农业科学院第 31 号科学研究计划 "农业动物遗传改良、繁殖和生物多样性保护"("畜牧业生物资源的遗传、保护和繁殖")和第 30 号科学研究计划 "畜牧业产品生产中动物适应气候变化的组织和技术解决方案系统"("气候适应性和有机畜牧业")的框架内进行的。研究对象是法国原产大白种母猪。根据繁殖质量指标对指定生产组的动物进行了评估,并考虑了以下特征:总产仔数、活仔猪总数、体重、繁殖力、体重、产奶量(公斤);28 日龄断奶时的窝重(公斤)、保存率(%)。存活率指数根据 V. P. Kovalenko 等人(2012 年)的方法计算,"适应水平 "指数 - Smirnova V.S. (2003 年),母猪繁殖品质选择指数(SIRQS) - O. M. Tsereniuka 等人(2010 年)。结果表明,不同适应水平的母猪在日龄和受精天数(17.0 天;td=2.70)、寿命(17.0 个月;td=9.04)、产仔数(3.3;td=13.20)、产活仔猪数(46.2 头;td=10.52)、多胎率(1.2 头;td=4.00)、28 日龄断奶时的窝重(3.5 千克;td=3.21)。活力指数变异系数为 90.75-144.55 点的特定生产组动物在日龄和受精率、产活仔猪数、多胎性、28 日龄断奶时窝重和保育率方面比活力指数为 39.75-77.46 点的同类动物平均高出 11.43%。预期寿命、配种使用时间、母猪繁殖品质指标、"适应水平 "指数(RA)和存活率指数(I)之间的相关性从-0.758±0.0371(tr=20.45)到+0.859±0.0228(tr=37.62)不等。根据 "适应水平 "指数(+3.31%)和活力指数(+11.24%),种内分化第一实验组母猪的额外产量增幅最大,其值分别为 +155.80 和 +529.08格里夫尼亚(1头母猪产1胎)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
DURATION OF PRODUCTIVE LONGEVITY OF SOWS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ADAPTATION AND VIABILITY
The work aimed to investigate the reproductive qualities of sows of different levels of adaptation and viability. The research was carried out in the conditions of the breeding breeder for breeding pigs of the large white breed of the experimental farm and the laboratory of animal husbandry and fodder production of the Institute of Agriculture of the Northeast of the National Academy of Sciences, as well as the laboratory of animal husbandry of the State University “Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Sciences”. The work was carried out by the program of scientific research of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine No. 31, “Genetic improvement of agricultural animals, their reproduction and preservation of biodiversity” (“Genetics, conservation, and reproduction of biological resources in animal husbandry”) and No. 30 “System of organizational and technological solutions for adaptation of animals to climate change for the production of animal husbandry products (“Climate-adaptive and organic animal husbandry”). The object of the study was sows of a large white breed of French origin. The evaluation of the animals of the specified production group by indicators of reproductive qualities was carried out taking into account the following characteristics: total farrowing, live piglets total, weight, fertility, weight, milk yield, kg; weight of the nest at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days, kg, preservation, %. The viability index was calculated according to the method of V. P. Kovalenko et al. (2012), index “level of adaptation” – Smirnova V.S. (2003), selection index of reproductive qualities of the sow (SIRQS) – O. M. Tsereniuka et al. (2010). It was established that the difference between sows of different adaptation levels by age and fertile insemination is (17.0 days; td=2.70), life span (17.0 months; td=9.04), the number of farrowing obtained (3.3 of farrowing; td=13.20), the number of live piglets obtained (46.2 head.; td=10.52), multifertility (1.2 head; td=4.00), litter weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days (3.5 kg; td=3.21). Animals of the specified production group with a viability index variability of 90.75-144.55 points prevailed over peers with a viability index of 39.75-77.46 points in terms of age and fertile insemination, number of live piglets obtained, multifertility, nest weight at the time of weaning at the age of 28 days and conservation by an average of 11.43%. The correlation between life expectancy, duration of breeding use, signs of reproductive qualities of sows, and indices of "adaptation level" (RA) and viability (I) ranges from –0.758±0.0371 (tr=20.45) to +0.859 ±0.0228 (tr=37.62). The maximum increase in additional production was obtained from sows of the 1st experimental group of intrabreed differentiation according to the index "level of adaptation" (+3.31%) and according to the viability index (+11.24%), and its value is +155.80 and +529.08 hryvnias obtained from 1 animal for one farrowing.
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