Anna Baumeister , Sina Böger , Lisa Schindler , Jan Philipp Klein , Steffen Moritz
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The present study examined the effectiveness of this abbreviated ATT in reducing stress in a three-armed randomized controlled trial by comparing the abbreviated version (ATT<sub>abbr</sub>; <em>n</em> = 74) with the long version (ATT<sub>long</sub>; <em>n</em> = 67) and a waitlist control group (WCG; <em>n</em> = 77) in a non-clinical sample. The primary outcome was change on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). In the intention-to-treat analysis of changes from baseline to follow-up, both the abbreviated ATT version and the long ATT version were superior to the WCG in the reduction of stress (<em>d</em> = 0.67 for the abbreviated version and <em>d</em> = 0.44 for the long version). From post to follow-up, reductions in stress were greater for the abbreviated version than the long version (<em>d</em> = 0.37). We also observed effects of both ATT versions on depression and anxiety but no effect on attention control, perseverative thinking, or quality of life. For the abbreviated version, we found preliminary evidence of a dose-response relationship. Participants with access to the abbreviated version conducted the training twice as often compared with those with access to the long version. These results suggest that the abbreviated version of the ATT is associated with greater adherence and possibly greater effects on stress than the long version. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
压力是导致心理健康问题的主要风险因素之一。注意力训练技术(ATT)是在元认知疗法的背景下发展起来的,是一种增强注意力灵活控制的方法,因此可以减少压力事件对心理健康的影响。ATT 是一种 12 分钟的练习,主要用于临床。为了确保普通人在日常生活中也能低门槛地实施,我们开发了简短的 5 分钟 ATT 版本。本研究通过一项三臂随机对照试验,在非临床样本中比较了简版 ATT(ATTabbr;n = 74)和长版 ATT(ATTlong;n = 67)以及候补对照组(WCG;n = 77),考察了简版 ATT 在减轻压力方面的效果。主要结果是抑郁、焦虑和压力量表(DASS-21)的变化。在对从基线到随访期间的变化进行的意向治疗分析中,简短 ATT 版和长 ATT 版在减轻压力方面均优于 WCG(简短版的 d = 0.67,长版的 d = 0.44)。从后期随访来看,简短版的减压效果优于长版(d = 0.37)。我们还观察到两种 ATT 版本对抑郁和焦虑都有影响,但对注意力控制、持久性思维或生活质量没有影响。对于简短版本,我们发现了剂量-反应关系的初步证据。与接受长版训练的人相比,接受简版训练的人进行训练的频率是后者的两倍。这些结果表明,与长版相比,缩略版的 ATT 与更高的坚持率相关,对压力的影响也可能更大。如果这些结果得到证实,那么缩略版ATT就可以用来减轻普通人群的压力,提高他们的心理健康水平。
Effectiveness of an abbreviated version of the automated attention training technique (ATT) for stress reduction in a non-clinical sample—A randomized controlled trial
Stress is one of the leading risk factors for mental health problems. The attention training technique (ATT), developed in the context of metacognitive therapy, is a method for increasing flexible control of attention and might thus reduce the impact of stressful events on mental health. Developed as a 12-min exercise, ATT is primarily used in a clinical context. To ensure low-threshold implementation by the general population in everyday life, we developed an abbreviated 5-min version of the ATT. The present study examined the effectiveness of this abbreviated ATT in reducing stress in a three-armed randomized controlled trial by comparing the abbreviated version (ATTabbr; n = 74) with the long version (ATTlong; n = 67) and a waitlist control group (WCG; n = 77) in a non-clinical sample. The primary outcome was change on the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). In the intention-to-treat analysis of changes from baseline to follow-up, both the abbreviated ATT version and the long ATT version were superior to the WCG in the reduction of stress (d = 0.67 for the abbreviated version and d = 0.44 for the long version). From post to follow-up, reductions in stress were greater for the abbreviated version than the long version (d = 0.37). We also observed effects of both ATT versions on depression and anxiety but no effect on attention control, perseverative thinking, or quality of life. For the abbreviated version, we found preliminary evidence of a dose-response relationship. Participants with access to the abbreviated version conducted the training twice as often compared with those with access to the long version. These results suggest that the abbreviated version of the ATT is associated with greater adherence and possibly greater effects on stress than the long version. If these results are confirmed, the abbreviated version could be used to reduce stress and increase mental well-being in the general population.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science is the official journal of the Association for Contextual Behavioral Science (ACBS).
Contextual Behavioral Science is a systematic and pragmatic approach to the understanding of behavior, the solution of human problems, and the promotion of human growth and development. Contextual Behavioral Science uses functional principles and theories to analyze and modify action embedded in its historical and situational context. The goal is to predict and influence behavior, with precision, scope, and depth, across all behavioral domains and all levels of analysis, so as to help create a behavioral science that is more adequate to the challenge of the human condition.