考古石灰生产分析方法综述:调查原材料选择和烧制条件

IF 3.2 1区 历史学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY
Hannah M. Herrick, Francesco Berna
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要 以石灰为基础的材料在世界许多地区的考古环境中都有发现。最早的石灰生产证据是在黎凡特发现的,可追溯到大约公元前 16000 年。将石灰石、贝壳和珊瑚转化为熟石灰的方法因地区、文化和时期的不同而各异。同样,石灰的用途也多种多样,如凿洞、抹灰、灰泥、铺地板、头骨抹灰、装饰和壁画。石灰生产过程中的每一个步骤--从原材料采购到成品材料的混合--都会产生特定的考古组合,而每一个步骤都能为了解创造这些组合的人的知识提供重要的启示。在此,我们回顾了用于分析每个生产步骤的方法和手段,特别是针对原材料选择和烧制条件的方法和手段。为了有效地研究石灰类考古材料的原料选择和烧制条件,我们提出了一种基于岩石学和傅立叶变换红外显微镜(mFTIR)相结合的方法论,该方法使用了用经过验证的原料生产的实验石灰制备的化学和矿物学参考文献库。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A Review of Methods to Analyze Archaeological Lime Production: Investigating Raw Materials Selection and Firing Conditions

A Review of Methods to Analyze Archaeological Lime Production: Investigating Raw Materials Selection and Firing Conditions

Abstract

Lime-based materials are found in archaeological contexts across many world regions. The earliest evidence of lime production was discovered in the Levant dating to about 16,000 cal BP. Methods for transforming limestone, shells, and corals into slaked lime varied depending on region, culture, and period. Similarly, the use of lime had an extensive variation of applications such as hafting, plastering, mortars, flooring, plastering skulls, decorating, and making frescos. Each step of the lime production process—from raw materials sourcing to the mixing of finished materials—results in specific archaeological assemblages, each capable of delivering critical insight into the knowledge of the people who created them. Here, we review approaches and methodologies used to analyze each production step, and, specifically, those targeting raw materials selection and firing conditions. For investigating effectively raw materials selection and firing conditions of archaeological lime-based materials, we propose a methodological approach based on the integration of petrography and Fourier transform infrared microscopy (mFTIR) that uses chemical and mineralogical reference libraries prepared using experimental lime produced with provenienced raw materials.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
8.70%
发文量
43
期刊介绍: The Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, the leading journal in its field,  presents original articles that address method- or theory-focused issues of current archaeological interest and represent significant explorations on the cutting edge of the discipline.   The journal also welcomes topical syntheses that critically assess and integrate research on a specific subject in archaeological method or theory, as well as examinations of the history of archaeology.    Written by experts, the articles benefit an international audience of archaeologists, students of archaeology, and practitioners of closely related disciplines.  Specific topics covered in recent issues include:  the use of nitche construction theory in archaeology,  new developments in the use of soil chemistry in archaeological interpretation, and a model for the prehistoric development of clothing.  The Journal''s distinguished Editorial Board includes archaeologists with worldwide archaeological knowledge (the Americas, Asia and the Pacific, Europe, and Africa), and expertise in a wide range of methodological and theoretical issues.  Rated ''A'' in the European Reference Index for the Humanities (ERIH) Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory is rated ''A'' in the ERIH, a new reference index that aims to help evenly access the scientific quality of Humanities research output. For more information visit: http://www.esf.org/research-areas/humanities/activities/research-infrastructures.html Rated ''A'' in the Australian Research Council Humanities and Creative Arts Journal List.  For more information, visit: http://www.arc.gov.au/era/journal_list_dev.htm
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