人工智能解读心电图:最新技术回顾

IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q2 CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS
Current Cardiology Reports Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI:10.1007/s11886-024-02062-1
Benjamin Ose, Zeeshan Sattar, Amulya Gupta, Christian Toquica, Chris Harvey, Amit Noheria
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引用次数: 0

摘要

审查目的:人工智能(AI)正在改变心电图(ECG)的判读。人工智能诊断可以超越人类的能力,促进自动获取细微的心电图解读,并扩大人群心血管筛查的范围。人工智能可应用于标准的 12 导联静息心电图以及外部监护仪、植入式设备和直接面向消费者的智能设备中的单导联心电图。我们总结了有关人工智能心电图的文献现状:节律分类是人工智能心电图的首个应用。随后,人工智能心电图模型被开发用于筛查结构性心脏病,包括肥厚型心肌病、心脏淀粉样变性、主动脉瓣狭窄、肺动脉高压和左心室收缩功能障碍。此外,人工智能模型还能预测收缩性心力衰竭和心房颤动等未来事件的发展。人工智能心电图在急性心脏事件和非心脏应用方面具有潜力,包括急性肺栓塞、电解质异常、监测药物治疗、睡眠呼吸暂停和预测全因死亡率。心脏监护仪和智能手表领域的许多人工智能模型已获得美国食品药品管理局(FDA)的心律分类许可,而用于识别心脏淀粉样变性、肺动脉高压和左心室功能障碍的其他模型也已获得突破性设备认定。随着人工智能心电图模型的不断开发,除了监管监督和货币化方面的挑战外,还需要深思熟虑的临床实施,以简化工作流程,避免信息过载和假阳性结果对医疗保健系统的压倒性影响。在广泛采用任何人工智能心电图模型之前,都需要进行研究,以证明和验证医疗保健效率的提高和患者预后的改善。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Artificial Intelligence Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Artificial Intelligence Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram: A State-of-the-Art Review.

Purpose of review: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming electrocardiography (ECG) interpretation. AI diagnostics can reach beyond human capabilities, facilitate automated access to nuanced ECG interpretation, and expand the scope of cardiovascular screening in the population. AI can be applied to the standard 12-lead resting ECG and single-lead ECGs in external monitors, implantable devices, and direct-to-consumer smart devices. We summarize the current state of the literature on AI-ECG.

Recent findings: Rhythm classification was the first application of AI-ECG. Subsequently, AI-ECG models have been developed for screening structural heart disease including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, cardiac amyloidosis, aortic stenosis, pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Further, AI models can predict future events like development of systolic heart failure and atrial fibrillation. AI-ECG exhibits potential in acute cardiac events and non-cardiac applications, including acute pulmonary embolism, electrolyte abnormalities, monitoring drugs therapy, sleep apnea, and predicting all-cause mortality. Many AI models in the domain of cardiac monitors and smart watches have received Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for rhythm classification, while others for identification of cardiac amyloidosis, pulmonary hypertension and left ventricular dysfunction have received breakthrough device designation. As AI-ECG models continue to be developed, in addition to regulatory oversight and monetization challenges, thoughtful clinical implementation to streamline workflows, avoiding information overload and overwhelming of healthcare systems with false positive results is necessary. Research to demonstrate and validate improvement in healthcare efficiency and improved patient outcomes would be required before widespread adoption of any AI-ECG model.

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来源期刊
Current Cardiology Reports
Current Cardiology Reports CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS-
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
2.70%
发文量
209
期刊介绍: The aim of this journal is to provide timely perspectives from experts on current advances in cardiovascular medicine. We also seek to provide reviews that highlight the most important recently published papers selected from the wealth of available cardiovascular literature. We accomplish this aim by appointing key authorities in major subject areas across the discipline. Section editors select topics to be reviewed by leading experts who emphasize recent developments and highlight important papers published over the past year. An Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. We also provide commentaries from well-known figures in the field.
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