{"title":"通过茉莉酸介导的毛状体和萜类化合物的增加,异株嫁接增强了菊花对交替孢霉的抗性。","authors":"Wenjie Li, Qingling Zhan, Yunxiao Guan, Likai Wang, Song Li, Shanhu Zheng, Hongyu Ma, Ye Liu, Lian Ding, Shuang Zhao, Zhenxing Wang, Jiafu Jiang, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen, Sumei Chen, Zhiyong Guan","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae212","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trichomes are specialized hair-like structures in the epidermal cells of the above-ground parts of plants and help to protect them from pests and pathogens, and produce valuable metabolites. Chrysanthemum morifolium, which is used in tea products, has both ornamental and medicinal value; however, it is susceptible to infection by the fungus Alternaria alternata, which can result in substantial economic losses. Increasing the density of glandular trichomes enhances disease resistance and improves the production of medicinal metabolites in chrysanthemums, and jasmonate (JA) is known to promote the formation of trichomes in various plants. However, it remains unclear whether glandular trichomes in chrysanthemums are regulated by JA. In addition, grafting, a technique that can improve plant resistance to biotic stresses, has been poorly examined for its impact on glandular trichomes, terpenoids, and disease resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that grafting with Artemisia vulgaris rootstocks improves the resistance of chrysanthemum scions to A. alternata. Heterografted chrysanthemums exhibited higher trichome density and terpenoid content compared to self-grafted counterparts. Transcriptome analysis highlighted the significant role of CmJAZ1-like in disease resistance in heterografted chrysanthemums. Lines overexpressing CmJAZ1-like exhibited sensitivity to A. alternata, and this was characterized by reduced glandular trichome density and limited terpenoid content. Conversely, CmJAZ1-like silenced lines exhibited resistance to A. alternata and showed increased glandular trichome density and terpenoid content. Higher JA content was found in the heterografted chrysanthemum scions compared to self-grafted ones. Furthermore, we established that JA promoted the development of glandular trichomes and the synthesis of terpenoids while also inducing the degradation of CmJAZ1-like proteins in chrysanthemums. Our findings suggest that higher JA increases trichome density and terpenoid content, thereby enhancing resistance to A. alternata by regulating CmJAZ1-like in heterografted chrysanthemums.</p>","PeriodicalId":15820,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Botany","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Heterografting enhances chrysanthemum resistance to Alternaria alternata via jasmonate-mediated increases in trichomes and terpenoids.\",\"authors\":\"Wenjie Li, Qingling Zhan, Yunxiao Guan, Likai Wang, Song Li, Shanhu Zheng, Hongyu Ma, Ye Liu, Lian Ding, Shuang Zhao, Zhenxing Wang, Jiafu Jiang, Weimin Fang, Fadi Chen, Sumei Chen, Zhiyong Guan\",\"doi\":\"10.1093/jxb/erae212\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Trichomes are specialized hair-like structures in the epidermal cells of the above-ground parts of plants and help to protect them from pests and pathogens, and produce valuable metabolites. Chrysanthemum morifolium, which is used in tea products, has both ornamental and medicinal value; however, it is susceptible to infection by the fungus Alternaria alternata, which can result in substantial economic losses. Increasing the density of glandular trichomes enhances disease resistance and improves the production of medicinal metabolites in chrysanthemums, and jasmonate (JA) is known to promote the formation of trichomes in various plants. However, it remains unclear whether glandular trichomes in chrysanthemums are regulated by JA. In addition, grafting, a technique that can improve plant resistance to biotic stresses, has been poorly examined for its impact on glandular trichomes, terpenoids, and disease resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that grafting with Artemisia vulgaris rootstocks improves the resistance of chrysanthemum scions to A. alternata. Heterografted chrysanthemums exhibited higher trichome density and terpenoid content compared to self-grafted counterparts. Transcriptome analysis highlighted the significant role of CmJAZ1-like in disease resistance in heterografted chrysanthemums. Lines overexpressing CmJAZ1-like exhibited sensitivity to A. alternata, and this was characterized by reduced glandular trichome density and limited terpenoid content. Conversely, CmJAZ1-like silenced lines exhibited resistance to A. alternata and showed increased glandular trichome density and terpenoid content. Higher JA content was found in the heterografted chrysanthemum scions compared to self-grafted ones. Furthermore, we established that JA promoted the development of glandular trichomes and the synthesis of terpenoids while also inducing the degradation of CmJAZ1-like proteins in chrysanthemums. Our findings suggest that higher JA increases trichome density and terpenoid content, thereby enhancing resistance to A. alternata by regulating CmJAZ1-like in heterografted chrysanthemums.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15820,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Experimental Botany\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":5.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-30\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Experimental Botany\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae212\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Experimental Botany","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae212","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
毛状体是植物地上部分表皮细胞中特化的毛状结构,可保护植物免受害虫和病原体的侵害,并产生有价值的代谢物。菊花(Chrysanthemum morifolium)用于茶叶产品,具有观赏和药用价值。然而,菊花易受交替丝核菌(Alternaria alternata)真菌感染,对其生产和使用构成威胁,造成巨大的经济损失。增加腺毛的密度可以增强菊花的抗病性,提高药用代谢物的产量。茉莉酸盐(JA)能促进各种植物腺毛的形成。然而,菊花的腺毛体是否受 JA 的调控仍不清楚。嫁接作为一种提高植物抗生物胁迫能力的技术,其对腺毛体、萜类化合物和抗病性的影响还没有得到充分的探讨。在这项研究中,我们证明了与青蒿砧木嫁接可提高菊花接穗对交替疟原虫的抗性。与自嫁接的菊花相比,异株嫁接的菊花表现出更高的毛状体密度和萜类化合物含量。转录组分析强调了 CmJAZ1-like 在异株嫁接菊花抗病性中的重要作用。过表达 CmJAZ1-like 的品系对交替菊表现出敏感性,其特点是腺毛密度降低,萜类化合物含量有限。相反,沉默株系表现出对交替花叶病毒的抗性,腺毛密度增加,萜类化合物丰富。异株嫁接菊花接穗中的 JA 含量高于自接穗。此外,我们还证实 JA 能促进腺毛体的发育和萜类化合物的合成,同时诱导菊花中 CmJAZ1 类蛋白的降解。这些研究结果表明,较高的 JA 能增加毛状体密度和萜类化合物含量,通过调节异株嫁接菊花中的 CmJAZ1-like 来增强对交替穗霉的抗性。
Heterografting enhances chrysanthemum resistance to Alternaria alternata via jasmonate-mediated increases in trichomes and terpenoids.
Trichomes are specialized hair-like structures in the epidermal cells of the above-ground parts of plants and help to protect them from pests and pathogens, and produce valuable metabolites. Chrysanthemum morifolium, which is used in tea products, has both ornamental and medicinal value; however, it is susceptible to infection by the fungus Alternaria alternata, which can result in substantial economic losses. Increasing the density of glandular trichomes enhances disease resistance and improves the production of medicinal metabolites in chrysanthemums, and jasmonate (JA) is known to promote the formation of trichomes in various plants. However, it remains unclear whether glandular trichomes in chrysanthemums are regulated by JA. In addition, grafting, a technique that can improve plant resistance to biotic stresses, has been poorly examined for its impact on glandular trichomes, terpenoids, and disease resistance. In this study, we demonstrate that grafting with Artemisia vulgaris rootstocks improves the resistance of chrysanthemum scions to A. alternata. Heterografted chrysanthemums exhibited higher trichome density and terpenoid content compared to self-grafted counterparts. Transcriptome analysis highlighted the significant role of CmJAZ1-like in disease resistance in heterografted chrysanthemums. Lines overexpressing CmJAZ1-like exhibited sensitivity to A. alternata, and this was characterized by reduced glandular trichome density and limited terpenoid content. Conversely, CmJAZ1-like silenced lines exhibited resistance to A. alternata and showed increased glandular trichome density and terpenoid content. Higher JA content was found in the heterografted chrysanthemum scions compared to self-grafted ones. Furthermore, we established that JA promoted the development of glandular trichomes and the synthesis of terpenoids while also inducing the degradation of CmJAZ1-like proteins in chrysanthemums. Our findings suggest that higher JA increases trichome density and terpenoid content, thereby enhancing resistance to A. alternata by regulating CmJAZ1-like in heterografted chrysanthemums.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Experimental Botany publishes high-quality primary research and review papers in the plant sciences. These papers cover a range of disciplines from molecular and cellular physiology and biochemistry through whole plant physiology to community physiology.
Full-length primary papers should contribute to our understanding of how plants develop and function, and should provide new insights into biological processes. The journal will not publish purely descriptive papers or papers that report a well-known process in a species in which the process has not been identified previously. Articles should be concise and generally limited to 10 printed pages.