Pablo González-Martínez , Irantzu Goenaga , Sara León-Ecay , Joana de las Heras , Noelia Aldai , Kizkitza Insausti , Maite M. Aldaya
{"title":"西班牙 Ternera de Navarra PGI 牛肉的水足迹:基于当地食品工业蔬菜副产品的传统饲养与新型饲养的比较","authors":"Pablo González-Martínez , Irantzu Goenaga , Sara León-Ecay , Joana de las Heras , Noelia Aldai , Kizkitza Insausti , Maite M. Aldaya","doi":"10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103990","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><p>In recent years, livestock farming has been in the spotlight. Meat production is blamed for the pollution of aquifers and rivers, as well as for the large amount of water required to feed livestock. This has highlighted the need to find alternative feeding systems for cattle breeding able to reduce food/feed competition.</p></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>In this context, the present study compares the water footprint (WF) of conventionally fed beef versus beef fed with vegetable by-products from the local agri-food industry.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Twenty-four entire male young bulls were reared under the <em>Ternera de Navarra</em> Protected Geographic Identification (PGI) in the town of Azoz, in Navarra, Spain. Twelve calves were fattened on a diet based on vegetable by-products and fodder and grain to complement the ration (VBP diet) and the remaining animals were fattened with a traditional diet based on concentrate and straw (conventional or control diet).</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Once the fattening was finished and animals were slaughtered, the results showed a larger green, blue and grey WF in terms of m<sup>3</sup> per beef cattle for conventionally fed animals compared to those fed with VBP. However, when looking at the efficiency, the results were mixed. Conventionally fed cattle exhibited lower green and grey WFs but a higher blue WF compared to VBP-fed cattle, with values of 9955 l/kg, 1577 l/kg and 1731 l/kg versus 10,147 l/kg, 1457 l/kg and 1831 l/kg of carcass beef, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><p>This means that a by-product-based calf diet can reduce blue water use. However, further research is needed on the indirect water pollution associated with animal-fed crop production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7730,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X24001409/pdfft?md5=2918967a9135d95a98ad489544327ed7&pid=1-s2.0-S0308521X24001409-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The water footprint of Spanish Ternera de Navarra PGI beef: Conventional versus novel feeding based on vegetable by-products from the local food industry\",\"authors\":\"Pablo González-Martínez , Irantzu Goenaga , Sara León-Ecay , Joana de las Heras , Noelia Aldai , Kizkitza Insausti , Maite M. Aldaya\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103990\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><p>In recent years, livestock farming has been in the spotlight. Meat production is blamed for the pollution of aquifers and rivers, as well as for the large amount of water required to feed livestock. This has highlighted the need to find alternative feeding systems for cattle breeding able to reduce food/feed competition.</p></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>In this context, the present study compares the water footprint (WF) of conventionally fed beef versus beef fed with vegetable by-products from the local agri-food industry.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>Twenty-four entire male young bulls were reared under the <em>Ternera de Navarra</em> Protected Geographic Identification (PGI) in the town of Azoz, in Navarra, Spain. Twelve calves were fattened on a diet based on vegetable by-products and fodder and grain to complement the ration (VBP diet) and the remaining animals were fattened with a traditional diet based on concentrate and straw (conventional or control diet).</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>Once the fattening was finished and animals were slaughtered, the results showed a larger green, blue and grey WF in terms of m<sup>3</sup> per beef cattle for conventionally fed animals compared to those fed with VBP. However, when looking at the efficiency, the results were mixed. Conventionally fed cattle exhibited lower green and grey WFs but a higher blue WF compared to VBP-fed cattle, with values of 9955 l/kg, 1577 l/kg and 1731 l/kg versus 10,147 l/kg, 1457 l/kg and 1831 l/kg of carcass beef, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><p>This means that a by-product-based calf diet can reduce blue water use. 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The water footprint of Spanish Ternera de Navarra PGI beef: Conventional versus novel feeding based on vegetable by-products from the local food industry
CONTEXT
In recent years, livestock farming has been in the spotlight. Meat production is blamed for the pollution of aquifers and rivers, as well as for the large amount of water required to feed livestock. This has highlighted the need to find alternative feeding systems for cattle breeding able to reduce food/feed competition.
OBJECTIVE
In this context, the present study compares the water footprint (WF) of conventionally fed beef versus beef fed with vegetable by-products from the local agri-food industry.
METHODS
Twenty-four entire male young bulls were reared under the Ternera de Navarra Protected Geographic Identification (PGI) in the town of Azoz, in Navarra, Spain. Twelve calves were fattened on a diet based on vegetable by-products and fodder and grain to complement the ration (VBP diet) and the remaining animals were fattened with a traditional diet based on concentrate and straw (conventional or control diet).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Once the fattening was finished and animals were slaughtered, the results showed a larger green, blue and grey WF in terms of m3 per beef cattle for conventionally fed animals compared to those fed with VBP. However, when looking at the efficiency, the results were mixed. Conventionally fed cattle exhibited lower green and grey WFs but a higher blue WF compared to VBP-fed cattle, with values of 9955 l/kg, 1577 l/kg and 1731 l/kg versus 10,147 l/kg, 1457 l/kg and 1831 l/kg of carcass beef, respectively.
SIGNIFICANCE
This means that a by-product-based calf diet can reduce blue water use. However, further research is needed on the indirect water pollution associated with animal-fed crop production.
期刊介绍:
Agricultural Systems is an international journal that deals with interactions - among the components of agricultural systems, among hierarchical levels of agricultural systems, between agricultural and other land use systems, and between agricultural systems and their natural, social and economic environments.
The scope includes the development and application of systems analysis methodologies in the following areas:
Systems approaches in the sustainable intensification of agriculture; pathways for sustainable intensification; crop-livestock integration; farm-level resource allocation; quantification of benefits and trade-offs at farm to landscape levels; integrative, participatory and dynamic modelling approaches for qualitative and quantitative assessments of agricultural systems and decision making;
The interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes; the multiple services of agricultural systems; food security and the environment;
Global change and adaptation science; transformational adaptations as driven by changes in climate, policy, values and attitudes influencing the design of farming systems;
Development and application of farming systems design tools and methods for impact, scenario and case study analysis; managing the complexities of dynamic agricultural systems; innovation systems and multi stakeholder arrangements that support or promote change and (or) inform policy decisions.