细胞外囊泡对视网膜疾病发病机制的贡献:揭示血液-视网膜屏障功能障碍。

IF 9 2区 医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Beatriz Martins, Maria Pires, António Francisco Ambrósio, Henrique Girão, Rosa Fernandes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

视网膜退行性疾病,包括糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)和老年性黄斑变性(AMD),对视力构成威胁,对视网膜的结构和功能造成有害影响。血液视网膜屏障(BRB)是调节免疫和炎症成分流入的有效屏障,其受损状态是了解这些疾病的关键。究竟是血-视网膜屏障的破坏引发了视网膜损伤,还是疾病进展的结果,目前仍是一个谜。在炎症和氧化应激条件下,视网膜细胞群之间错综复杂的细胞间对话在复杂的视网膜环境中仍然难以理解。视网膜是一种特殊的神经组织,它不断需要两个血管网络提供氧气和营养物质。视网膜血管网由内视网膜血管网(iBRB)和外视网膜血管网(oBRB)组成,负责协调这一特殊区域内的分子和液体交换。细胞外囊泡(EVs)是一种小型膜结构,在这种环境中充当着促进细胞间交流的信使。来自视网膜和外周免疫细胞的EVs增加了DR和AMD中BRB功能障碍的复杂性。来自视网膜和外周免疫细胞的EV增加了DR和AMD中BRB功能障碍的复杂性。这些EV含有生物活性载体,可调节视网膜微环境,影响疾病的进展。我们的综述深入探讨了EVs在视网膜退行性疾病中的多方面作用,阐明了它们所协调的分子串联及其microRNA(miRNA)含量。通过揭示这些纳米级信使从生物生成、释放、相互作用到被靶细胞吸收的全过程,我们旨在加深对BRB功能障碍的理解,探索其治疗潜力,从而加深我们对DR和AMD病理生理学的理解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Contribution of extracellular vesicles for the pathogenesis of retinal diseases: shedding light on blood-retinal barrier dysfunction.

Retinal degenerative diseases, including diabetic retinopathy (DR) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), loom as threats to vision, causing detrimental effects on the structure and function of the retina. Central to understanding these diseases, is the compromised state of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), an effective barrier that regulates the influx of immune and inflammatory components. Whether BRB breakdown initiates retinal distress, or is a consequence of disease progression, remains enigmatic. Nevertheless, it is an indication of retinal dysfunction and potential vision loss.The intricate intercellular dialogues among retinal cell populations remain unintelligible in the complex retinal milieu, under conditions of inflammation and oxidative stress. The retina, a specialized neural tissue, sustains a ceaseless demand for oxygen and nutrients from two vascular networks. The BRB orchestrates the exchange of molecules and fluids within this specialized region, comprising the inner BRB (iBRB) and the outer BRB (oBRB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small membranous structures, and act as messengers facilitating intercellular communication in this milieu.EVs, both from retinal and peripheral immune cells, increase complexity to BRB dysfunction in DR and AMD. Laden with bioactive cargoes, these EVs can modulate the retinal microenvironment, influencing disease progression. Our review delves into the multifaceted role of EVs in retinal degenerative diseases, elucidating the molecular crosstalk they orchestrate, and their microRNA (miRNA) content. By shedding light on these nanoscale messengers, from their biogenesis, release, to interaction and uptake by target cells, we aim to deepen the comprehension of BRB dysfunction and explore their therapeutic potential, therefore increasing our understanding of DR and AMD pathophysiology.

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来源期刊
Journal of Biomedical Science
Journal of Biomedical Science 医学-医学:研究与实验
CiteScore
18.50
自引率
0.90%
发文量
95
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Biomedical Science is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that focuses on fundamental and molecular aspects of basic medical sciences. It emphasizes molecular studies of biomedical problems and mechanisms. The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC), Taiwan supports the journal and covers the publication costs for accepted articles. The journal aims to provide an international platform for interdisciplinary discussions and contribute to the advancement of medicine. It benefits both readers and authors by accelerating the dissemination of research information and providing maximum access to scholarly communication. All articles published in the Journal of Biomedical Science are included in various databases such as Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CABI, CAS, Citebase, Current contents, DOAJ, Embase, EmBiology, and Global Health, among others.
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