Abraham U Morales-Primo, Ingeborg Becker, Claudia Patricia Pedraza-Zamora, Jaime Zamora-Chimal
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引用次数: 0
摘要
皮肤利什曼病(CL)期间的炎症反应包括免疫细胞和非免疫细胞合作遏制和消灭利什曼寄生虫。这些反应主要由 CD4+ T 细胞协调;然而,疾病的结果取决于 Th 细胞的主导表型。虽然 Th1 和 Th2 表型是疾病缓解或延续的最主要因素,但 Th17 细胞的活动,尤其是 IL-17 的释放,被认为在 CL 的发展过程中至关重要。Th17细胞在CL的急性期和慢性期都发挥着重要功能。总的来说,Th17 细胞诱导吞噬细胞(中性粒细胞、巨噬细胞)迁移到感染部位,并诱导 CD8+ T 细胞和 NK 细胞活化。它们还会诱发 CD8+ T 细胞分泌颗粒酶和穿孔素,巨噬细胞向 M2 表型分化,以及 B 细胞和 Treg 细胞的扩增。同样,炎症浸润的免疫细胞对 Th17 细胞也有调节作用,包括从幼稚 CD4+ T 细胞分化出 Th17 细胞,并通过产生富含最佳细胞因子(如 IL-1β、TGF-β、IL-6 和 IL-21)的微环境进一步扩增。Th17 细胞的活性和协同作用对早期和急性阶段的抗感染至关重要;然而,如果不加以控制,Th17 细胞可能会导致慢性阶段。本综述将讨论 Th17 细胞与炎症浸润之间的协同作用,以及这些相互作用可能如何决定慢性淋巴细胞白血病的病程。
Th17 Cell and Inflammatory Infiltrate Interactions in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis: Unraveling Immunopathogenic Mechanisms.
The inflammatory response during cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves immune and non-immune cell cooperation to contain and eliminate Leishmania parasites. The orchestration of these responses is coordinated primarily by CD4+ T cells; however, the disease outcome depends on the Th cell predominant phenotype. Although Th1 and Th2 phenotypes are the most addressed as steers for the resolution or perpetuation of the disease, Th17 cell activities, especially IL-17 release, are recognized to be vital during CL development. Th17 cells perform vital functions during both acute and chronic phases of CL. Overall, Th17 cells induce the migration of phagocytes (neutrophils, macrophages) to the infection site and CD8+ T cells and NK cell activation. They also provoke granzyme and perforin secretion from CD8+ T cells, macrophage differentiation towards an M2 phenotype, and expansion of B and Treg cells. Likewise, immune cells from the inflammatory infiltrate have modulatory activities over Th17 cells involving their differentiation from naive CD4+ T cells and further expansion by generating a microenvironment rich in optimal cytokines such as IL-1β, TGF-β, IL-6, and IL-21. Th17 cell activities and synergies are crucial for the resistance of the infection during the early and acute stages; however, if unchecked, Th17 cells might lead to a chronic stage. This review discusses the synergies between Th17 cells and the inflammatory infiltrate and how these interactions might destine the course of CL.
期刊介绍:
Immune Network publishes novel findings in basic and clinical immunology and aims to provide a medium through which researchers in various fields of immunology can share and connect. The journal focuses on advances and insights into the regulation of the immune system and the immunological mechanisms of various diseases. Research that provides integrated insights into translational immunology is given preference for publication. All submissions are evaluated based on originality, quality, clarity, and brevity