湍流中液氮流动电气化的实验研究

IF 1.8 3区 工程技术 Q3 PHYSICS, APPLIED
Bowen Liu , Xuehao Tian , Yanzhong Li , Yuan Ma , Lei Wang , Muhammad Aziz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在涉及固液界面的所有流体流动情况中,都会出现流动电化现象。出于静电安全的考虑,在石油运输领域进行了大量的实验和理论研究。然而,与低温流体相关的流动电气化研究相对较少,实验研究更是寥寥无几。随着液氢和液化天然气等低温流体在航空航天和能源领域的使用日益增多,迫切需要扩大低温流体流动电气化的实验数据库。在此背景下,启动了一项以液氮(LN2)为工作流体的低温流动电气化研究,同时建立了一个能够在低温条件下捕捉超低电信号的流动电气化实验平台。设计并实施了三种测量方法,包括电荷、电势和电流测量。通过比较这三种方法的性能,最终确定流式电荷测量法因其原始信号的稳定性和线性而成为最佳选择。随后,进行了大量测试,以分析各种参数(包括流速、管道直径、管道材料和管道粗糙度)对流动电化强度的影响。得出的结论包括:在实验测量范围内,流动湍流对 LN2 产生的电流约为 10-12 A。此外,增加管道直径和粗糙度会加剧电荷传输。在测试的四种材料中,聚四氟乙烯的流动电化强度最高,其次是铝和不锈钢,铜的影响最弱。最后,根据所获得的实验数据,我们提出了一个修正的流电半经验相关公式,它可以反映流速、管道直径、材料和管道粗糙度的具体影响。我们的测量研究对研究液氮中的流动电气化及其在航空航天和能源安全领域的应用具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Experimental study on the flow electrification of liquid nitrogen in turbulent flow

Flow electrification occurs in all fluid flow scenarios involving solid–liquid interfaces. Due to electrostatic safety considerations, extensive research, both experimental and theoretical, has been conducted in the petroleum transportation field. However, research on flow electrification related to cryogenic fluids is relatively scarce, with even fewer experimental studies conducted. With the increasing use of cryogenic fluids such as liquid hydrogen and liquefied natural gas in aerospace and energy fields, there is an urgent need to expand the experimental database on cryogenic fluid flow electrification. In this context, a study focusing on cryogenic flow electrification using liquid nitrogen (LN2) as the working fluid was initiated, accompanied by the establishment of a flow electrification experimental platform capable of capturing ultra-low electrical signals at cryogenic conditions. Three measurement methods were designed and implemented, including charge, potential, and current measurements. By comparing their performance, the streaming charge method was identified as the optimal choice due to the stability and linearity of the raw signal. Subsequently, extensive testing was conducted to analyze the effects of various parameters, including flow velocity, pipe diameter, pipe material, and pipe roughness, on flow electrification intensity. The conclusions drawn include: within the experimental measurement range, the current induced by flow turbulence is on the order of 10−12 A for LN2. Moreover, increasing pipe diameter and roughness exacerbate the charge transported. Among the four materials tested, PTFE exhibits the highest intensity of flow electrification, followed by aluminum and stainless steel, with copper showing the weakest effect. Finally, based on the experimental data obtained, a modified semi-empirical correlation formula for the streaming current was proposed, which can reflect the specific effects of flow velocity, pipe diameter, material, and pipe roughness. Our measurement research has significant implications for the study of flow electrification in LN2 and its applications in aerospace and energy security fields.

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来源期刊
Cryogenics
Cryogenics 物理-热力学
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
9.50%
发文量
0
审稿时长
2.1 months
期刊介绍: Cryogenics is the world''s leading journal focusing on all aspects of cryoengineering and cryogenics. Papers published in Cryogenics cover a wide variety of subjects in low temperature engineering and research. Among the areas covered are: - Applications of superconductivity: magnets, electronics, devices - Superconductors and their properties - Properties of materials: metals, alloys, composites, polymers, insulations - New applications of cryogenic technology to processes, devices, machinery - Refrigeration and liquefaction technology - Thermodynamics - Fluid properties and fluid mechanics - Heat transfer - Thermometry and measurement science - Cryogenics in medicine - Cryoelectronics
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