水中的微塑料:发生、归宿和清除

IF 3.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Shaneel Chandra , Kerry B. Walsh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

一项关于自来水样本的全球研究发现,其中高达 83% 的样本含有微塑料纤维。这些发现引起了人们对其潜在健康风险的担忧。摄入的微塑料微粒已经对动物产生了有害影响,这引起了人们对人类类似结果的担忧。微塑料在环境中无处不在,通常被丢弃在垃圾填埋场和废料场。在室内环境中,常见的来源是合成纺织品、塑料瓶和包装。从各种点源开始,它们通过空气和水向全球扩散,并通过各种途径进入人体。在南极的新雪中发现的微塑料突出表明了微塑料的传播范围之广。微塑料微粒的行为和健康风险受到其物理化学特性的强烈影响,这也是其表面非常重要的原因。通过吸附在微塑料颗粒上,表面相互作用对污染物的迁移也很重要。我们的综述涵盖了微塑料研究的最新发现,包括微塑料丰度的最新统计数据、微塑料在环境中的出现和归宿、减少微塑料接触的方法以及清除微塑料的方法。最后,我们就更有效的修复方法提出了未来的研究方向,包括需要探索的新技术和可持续绿色修复方法,以便成功地大规模清除水体中的微塑料。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Microplastics in water: Occurrence, fate and removal

A global study on tap water samples has found that up to 83% of these contained microplastic fibres. These findings raise concerns about their potential health risks. Ingested microplastic particles have already been associated with harmful effects in animals, which raise concerns about similar outcomes in humans. Microplastics are ubiquitous in the environment, commonly found disposed in landfills and waste sites. Within indoor environments, the common sources are synthetic textiles, plastic bottles, and packaging. From the various point sources, they are globally distributed through air and water and can enter humans through various pathways. The finding of microplastics in fresh snow in the Antarctic highlights just how widely they are dispersed. The behaviour and health risks from microplastic particles are strongly influenced by their physicochemical properties, which is why their surfaces are important. Surface interactions are also important in pollutant transport via adsorption onto the microplastic particles. Our review covers the latest findings in microplastics research including the latest statistics in their abundance, their occurrence and fate in the environment, the methods of reducing microplastics exposure and their removal. We conclude by proposing future research directions into more effective remediation methods including new technologies and sustainable green remediation methods that need to be explored to achieve success in microplastics removal from waters at large scale.

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来源期刊
Journal of contaminant hydrology
Journal of contaminant hydrology 环境科学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
2.80%
发文量
129
审稿时长
68 days
期刊介绍: The Journal of Contaminant Hydrology is an international journal publishing scientific articles pertaining to the contamination of subsurface water resources. Emphasis is placed on investigations of the physical, chemical, and biological processes influencing the behavior and fate of organic and inorganic contaminants in the unsaturated (vadose) and saturated (groundwater) zones, as well as at groundwater-surface water interfaces. The ecological impacts of contaminants transported both from and to aquifers are of interest. Articles on contamination of surface water only, without a link to groundwater, are out of the scope. Broad latitude is allowed in identifying contaminants of interest, and include legacy and emerging pollutants, nutrients, nanoparticles, pathogenic microorganisms (e.g., bacteria, viruses, protozoa), microplastics, and various constituents associated with energy production (e.g., methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide). The journal''s scope embraces a wide range of topics including: experimental investigations of contaminant sorption, diffusion, transformation, volatilization and transport in the surface and subsurface; characterization of soil and aquifer properties only as they influence contaminant behavior; development and testing of mathematical models of contaminant behaviour; innovative techniques for restoration of contaminated sites; development of new tools or techniques for monitoring the extent of soil and groundwater contamination; transformation of contaminants in the hyporheic zone; effects of contaminants traversing the hyporheic zone on surface water and groundwater ecosystems; subsurface carbon sequestration and/or turnover; and migration of fluids associated with energy production into groundwater.
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