反应式水轮机导向装置中单流道泥沙侵蚀试验装置的设计与研究

IF 2.8 3区地球科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MARINE

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2024-05-07 DOI:10.3390/jmse12050777

Jiayang Pang, Xiao Chang, Yuanyuan Gang, Ziyao Zhou, Wenping Xiang, Lingjiu Zhou, Xiaobing Liu, Zhengwei Wang

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引用次数: 0

摘要

泥沙侵蚀破坏是导致反动水轮机组结构失效的主要原因之一。为研究泥沙侵蚀对反应式水轮机组导水机理的影响机理，本研究根据电站实测泥沙数据统计，得到了汛期泥沙的平均浓度和粒径。此外，还对反应式水轮机引水部件的固液两相流特性进行了数值计算。根据导流装置中的速度三角变化和流动相似性原理，设计了反应式水轮机导流装置的绕流磨损试验装置。此外，还对比分析了原型装置的导向装置与试验装置之间的砂水流场相似性。结果表明，原型装置的导流部件的砂水流场是轴对称的，并呈势流分布。此外，导流装置内的砂水流动均匀，停留叶片（SV）和导流叶片（GV）壁附近的砂水流速梯度较小。在蜗壳尾部区域观察到的沉积物颗粒体积分数最大，表明存在沉积物颗粒富集现象。在单通道泥沙磨损试验装置和原型装置中，导叶表面的泥沙颗粒速度为 6.2 至 7.8 m/s，停留叶表面的泥沙颗粒速度为 5.1 至 14.6 m/s，泥沙颗粒在靠近壁面处的速度差为 1 至 3 m/s。导叶的尾流涡度达到最大值 120 s-1。因此，单通道泥沙侵蚀试验装置可以揭示反应式水轮机导叶装置的泥沙侵蚀机理。

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Design and Study of a Sediment Erosion Test Device for a Single-Flow Channel in the Guide Apparatus of a Reaction Hydraulic Turbine

Sediment erosion damage is one of the main causes of structural failure in reaction turbine units. To study the mechanism through which sediment erosion affects the water-guiding mechanism of a reaction turbine unit, this study obtained the average concentration and particle size of sediment during the flood season based on the statistics of the measured sediment data from the power station. Additionally, the characteristics of the solid–liquid two-phase flow of the diversion components of the reaction hydraulic turbine were numerically calculated. Based on the velocity triangle change in the guide apparatus and the flow similarity principle, a flow-around wear test device for the guide apparatus of the reaction turbine was designed. Furthermore, the similarity of the sand–water flow field between the guide apparatus of the prototype unit and the test device was compared and analyzed. The results demonstrated that the sand–water flow field of the diversion components of the prototype unit was axisymmetric and exhibited a potential flow distribution. Additionally, uniform sand–water flow occurred within the guide apparatus, with a small sand–water velocity gradient near the wall of the stay vanes (SV) and the guide vanes (GV). The maximum volume fraction of sediment particles was observed in the tailing area of the spiral casing, indicating an enrichment phenomenon of sediment particles. The velocity of the sediment particles on the surface of the guide vane in the single-channel sediment wear test device and prototype unit ranged from 6.2 to 7.8 m/s, and the velocity of the sediment particles on the surface of the stay vane ranged from 5.1 to 14.6 m/s, and the difference of the sediment particles’ velocity near the wall was 1 to 3 m/s. The trailing vorticity of the guide vane reached a maximum of 120 s−1. Consequently, the single-channel sediment erosion test device can unveil the sediment erosion mechanism of the guide apparatus of a reaction turbine.

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来源期刊

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Engineering-Ocean Engineering

CiteScore

4.40

自引率

20.70%

发文量

1640

审稿时长

18.09 days

期刊介绍： Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE; ISSN 2077-1312) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to marine science and engineering. It publishes reviews, research papers and communications. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files and software regarding the full details of the calculation or experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary electronic material.