Santiago Fariña , Osiris Vigil Moreno , Francisco Candioti , Cristóbal Villanueva , William Sánchez Ledezma , Cristian J. Moscoso , Cecilia Cajarville , Verónica Charlón , Luis Urbina Abaunza , Antonio Guacapiña Viteri , Silvia Chirife , Domiciano Herrera , Sofía Stirling
{"title":"拉丁美洲和加勒比地区的牛奶生产系统:生物物理、社会经济和环境绩效","authors":"Santiago Fariña , Osiris Vigil Moreno , Francisco Candioti , Cristóbal Villanueva , William Sánchez Ledezma , Cristian J. Moscoso , Cecilia Cajarville , Verónica Charlón , Luis Urbina Abaunza , Antonio Guacapiña Viteri , Silvia Chirife , Domiciano Herrera , Sofía Stirling","doi":"10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103987","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><p>The Latin America-Caribbean (LAC) region has the potential to pursue a sustainable expansion of livestock production and capitalise on the growing global demand for dairy and beef products. However, it is necessary to understand the predominant production systems and their biophysical, economic, social, and environmental performances.</p></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>This study aimed to compare the milk production systems of nine countries of the region according to their major biophysical, socio-economic, and environmental performance indicators.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>A panel of experts from different research organisations of each of the 9 countries defined the modal milk production system based on national reports and statistics. Each system was modelled by means of a whole-farm model, and 22 performance indicators were estimated as a result. The countries were classified in groups by cluster and principal component analyses and the sources of similarities and differences among them were described using the information provided by the 22 indicators evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>A pattern comprising three groups of countries was found. Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, and Ecuador formed a group with the largest room for improvement in terms of productivity (milk and beef) and profit, associated with low yields and low quality of home-grown forage consumption and poor herd efficiency. However, they attained a competitive cost of production in global terms. The group of Uruguay, Argentina, and Costa Rica achieved a higher production per hectare and larger scale of operations while also maintaining a competitive cost of production. Chile showed a unique suite of indicators, with even higher productivity and profit overall. Higher productivity and profit indicators were related to increased output and income per unit of workforce or family unit as well as to lower emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of product. Emissions per hectare naturally increased with productivity although below the levels of more intensified overseas countries where environmental regulations are applied.</p></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><p>The findings of this study determine pathways for regional or national technology transfer and innovation programs and public policies in LAC to boost milk production with a systems approach and consideration of economic, social and environmental impacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7730,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Milk production systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Biophysical, socio-economic, and environmental performance\",\"authors\":\"Santiago Fariña , Osiris Vigil Moreno , Francisco Candioti , Cristóbal Villanueva , William Sánchez Ledezma , Cristian J. Moscoso , Cecilia Cajarville , Verónica Charlón , Luis Urbina Abaunza , Antonio Guacapiña Viteri , Silvia Chirife , Domiciano Herrera , Sofía Stirling\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.agsy.2024.103987\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>CONTEXT</h3><p>The Latin America-Caribbean (LAC) region has the potential to pursue a sustainable expansion of livestock production and capitalise on the growing global demand for dairy and beef products. However, it is necessary to understand the predominant production systems and their biophysical, economic, social, and environmental performances.</p></div><div><h3>OBJECTIVE</h3><p>This study aimed to compare the milk production systems of nine countries of the region according to their major biophysical, socio-economic, and environmental performance indicators.</p></div><div><h3>METHODS</h3><p>A panel of experts from different research organisations of each of the 9 countries defined the modal milk production system based on national reports and statistics. Each system was modelled by means of a whole-farm model, and 22 performance indicators were estimated as a result. The countries were classified in groups by cluster and principal component analyses and the sources of similarities and differences among them were described using the information provided by the 22 indicators evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS</h3><p>A pattern comprising three groups of countries was found. Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, and Ecuador formed a group with the largest room for improvement in terms of productivity (milk and beef) and profit, associated with low yields and low quality of home-grown forage consumption and poor herd efficiency. However, they attained a competitive cost of production in global terms. The group of Uruguay, Argentina, and Costa Rica achieved a higher production per hectare and larger scale of operations while also maintaining a competitive cost of production. Chile showed a unique suite of indicators, with even higher productivity and profit overall. Higher productivity and profit indicators were related to increased output and income per unit of workforce or family unit as well as to lower emissions of CH<sub>4</sub> per unit of product. Emissions per hectare naturally increased with productivity although below the levels of more intensified overseas countries where environmental regulations are applied.</p></div><div><h3>SIGNIFICANCE</h3><p>The findings of this study determine pathways for regional or national technology transfer and innovation programs and public policies in LAC to boost milk production with a systems approach and consideration of economic, social and environmental impacts.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7730,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Agricultural Systems\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":6.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-05-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Agricultural Systems\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X24001379\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Agricultural Systems","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0308521X24001379","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Milk production systems in Latin America and the Caribbean: Biophysical, socio-economic, and environmental performance
CONTEXT
The Latin America-Caribbean (LAC) region has the potential to pursue a sustainable expansion of livestock production and capitalise on the growing global demand for dairy and beef products. However, it is necessary to understand the predominant production systems and their biophysical, economic, social, and environmental performances.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to compare the milk production systems of nine countries of the region according to their major biophysical, socio-economic, and environmental performance indicators.
METHODS
A panel of experts from different research organisations of each of the 9 countries defined the modal milk production system based on national reports and statistics. Each system was modelled by means of a whole-farm model, and 22 performance indicators were estimated as a result. The countries were classified in groups by cluster and principal component analyses and the sources of similarities and differences among them were described using the information provided by the 22 indicators evaluated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
A pattern comprising three groups of countries was found. Honduras, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, and Ecuador formed a group with the largest room for improvement in terms of productivity (milk and beef) and profit, associated with low yields and low quality of home-grown forage consumption and poor herd efficiency. However, they attained a competitive cost of production in global terms. The group of Uruguay, Argentina, and Costa Rica achieved a higher production per hectare and larger scale of operations while also maintaining a competitive cost of production. Chile showed a unique suite of indicators, with even higher productivity and profit overall. Higher productivity and profit indicators were related to increased output and income per unit of workforce or family unit as well as to lower emissions of CH4 per unit of product. Emissions per hectare naturally increased with productivity although below the levels of more intensified overseas countries where environmental regulations are applied.
SIGNIFICANCE
The findings of this study determine pathways for regional or national technology transfer and innovation programs and public policies in LAC to boost milk production with a systems approach and consideration of economic, social and environmental impacts.
期刊介绍:
Agricultural Systems is an international journal that deals with interactions - among the components of agricultural systems, among hierarchical levels of agricultural systems, between agricultural and other land use systems, and between agricultural systems and their natural, social and economic environments.
The scope includes the development and application of systems analysis methodologies in the following areas:
Systems approaches in the sustainable intensification of agriculture; pathways for sustainable intensification; crop-livestock integration; farm-level resource allocation; quantification of benefits and trade-offs at farm to landscape levels; integrative, participatory and dynamic modelling approaches for qualitative and quantitative assessments of agricultural systems and decision making;
The interactions between agricultural and non-agricultural landscapes; the multiple services of agricultural systems; food security and the environment;
Global change and adaptation science; transformational adaptations as driven by changes in climate, policy, values and attitudes influencing the design of farming systems;
Development and application of farming systems design tools and methods for impact, scenario and case study analysis; managing the complexities of dynamic agricultural systems; innovation systems and multi stakeholder arrangements that support or promote change and (or) inform policy decisions.