人类功能性新基因源自 "希望的怪物"。

IF 6.4 2区 生物学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY
Xiaoge Liu, Chunfu Xiao, Xinwei Xu, Jie Zhang, Fan Mo, Jia-Yu Chen, Nicholas Delihas, Li Zhang, Ni A An, Chuan-Yun Li
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引用次数: 0

摘要

长期以来,人们一直认为新基因的产生仅源于对已有基因的改造,但从非编码 DNA 区域中发现的新蛋白质编码基因表明,新基因的起源过程是 "无母 "的。然而,这些基因在人类中的特征、分布、表达谱和起源模式似乎支持这样一种观点,即这些基因的起源并不是一个纯粹的 "无母 "过程;相反,这些基因优先产生于编码具有类似基因特征的已有前体的基因组区域。在这种情况下,基因位点通常不是全新的。在这篇简短的综述中,我们将总结人类新生基因的定义和特征,并阐明它们从祖先非编码基因组区域起源的过程。此外,我们还将定义新生基因起源的首选前体或 "希望之怪",并讨论这些年轻基因在人类大脑发育和肿瘤发生中的功能意义。本文归类于RNA 进化与基因组学 > RNA 与核糖核蛋白进化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Origin of functional de novo genes in humans from "hopeful monsters".

For a long time, it was believed that new genes arise only from modifications of preexisting genes, but the discovery of de novo protein-coding genes that originated from noncoding DNA regions demonstrates the existence of a "motherless" origination process for new genes. However, the features, distributions, expression profiles, and origin modes of these genes in humans seem to support the notion that their origin is not a purely "motherless" process; rather, these genes arise preferentially from genomic regions encoding preexisting precursors with gene-like features. In such a case, the gene loci are typically not brand new. In this short review, we will summarize the definition and features of human de novo genes and clarify their process of origination from ancestral non-coding genomic regions. In addition, we define the favored precursors, or "hopeful monsters," for the origin of de novo genes and present a discussion of the functional significance of these young genes in brain development and tumorigenesis in humans. This article is categorized under: RNA Evolution and Genomics > RNA and Ribonucleoprotein Evolution.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.80
自引率
4.10%
发文量
67
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: WIREs RNA aims to provide comprehensive, up-to-date, and coherent coverage of this interesting and growing field, providing a framework for both RNA experts and interdisciplinary researchers to not only gain perspective in areas of RNA biology, but to generate new insights and applications as well. Major topics to be covered are: RNA Structure and Dynamics; RNA Evolution and Genomics; RNA-Based Catalysis; RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules; Translation; RNA Processing; RNA Export/Localization; RNA Turnover and Surveillance; Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches; RNA in Disease and Development; and RNA Methods.
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