长期施用化学肥料和有机肥料会诱发不同的微生物群落变化,但土壤的多功能性却得到了一致提升。

IF 8 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2024-06-25 Epub Date: 2024-05-04 DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172862
Ke Li, Anlei Chen, Rong Sheng, Haijun Hou, Baoli Zhu, Wenxue Wei, Wenzhao Zhang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

错综复杂的微生物关联对自然生态系统的多种功能(多功能性)做出了巨大贡献。然而,在人工生态系统中,尤其是在频繁施肥的农业生态系统中,微生物关联与土壤多功能性(SMF)之间的关系仍不清楚。本研究以一项为期 28 年的水稻田实验为基础,通过高通量测序和网络分析,研究了长期施肥下土壤微生物(古菌、细菌、真菌和原生动物)关联的变化,以及这些变化与土壤多功能性的相关性。与不施肥(CK)相比,施氮、磷、钾化肥(CF)和施化肥加稻草保留(CFR)处理的土壤养分含量、谷物产量、微生物丰度和SMF均显著提高。除古细菌多样性外,CF 处理的细菌、真菌和原生生物多样性最低,微生物共生网络也最简单。相比之下,CFR 处理的古生物多样性最低,但细菌、真菌和原生生物多样性最高。此外,CFR 处理的微生物共生网络最为复杂,节点、边缘和部门间边缘的数量最多。这些结果突出表明,无论是施用化肥还是不施用秸秆还田肥,都会造成生态系统的高多功能性,而微生物关联则会发生相反的变化。此外,这些结果表明,水稻秸秆保留有助于土壤微生物组的发展,并确保高水平生态系统多功能性的可持续性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Long-term chemical and organic fertilization induces distinct variations of microbial associations but unanimous elevation of soil multifunctionality.

Long-term chemical and organic fertilization induces distinct variations of microbial associations but unanimous elevation of soil multifunctionality.

Intricate microbial associations contribute greatly to the multiple functions (multifunctionality) of natural ecosystems. However, the relationship between microbial associations and soil multifunctionality (SMF) in artificial ecosystems, particularly in agricultural ecosystem with frequent fertilization, remains unclear. In this study, based on a 28-year paddy field experiment, high-throughput sequencing and networks analysis was performed to investigate changes in soil microbial (archaea, bacteria, fungi, and protists) associations and how these changes correlate with SMF under long-term fertilization. Compared to no fertilization (CK), both chemical fertilization with N, P, and K (CF) and chemical fertilization plus rice straw retention (CFR) treatments showed significantly higher soil nutrient content, grain yield, microbial abundance, and SMF. With the exception of archaeal diversity, the CF treatment exhibited the lowest bacterial, fungal, and protist diversity, and the simplest microbial co-occurrence network. In contrast, the CFR treatment had the lowest archaeal diversity, but the highest bacterial, fungal, and protist diversity. Moreover, the CFR treatment exhibited the most complex microbial co-occurrence network with the highest number of nodes, edges, and interkingdom edges. These results highlight that both chemical fertilization with and without straw retention caused high ecosystem multifunctionality while changing microbial association oppositely. Furthermore, these results indicate that rice straw retention contributes to the development of the soil microbiome and ensures the sustainability of high-level ecosystem multifunctionality.

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来源期刊
Science of the Total Environment
Science of the Total Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
10.20%
发文量
8726
审稿时长
2.4 months
期刊介绍: The Science of the Total Environment is an international journal dedicated to scientific research on the environment and its interaction with humanity. It covers a wide range of disciplines and seeks to publish innovative, hypothesis-driven, and impactful research that explores the entire environment, including the atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and anthroposphere. The journal's updated Aims & Scope emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary environmental research with broad impact. Priority is given to studies that advance fundamental understanding and explore the interconnectedness of multiple environmental spheres. Field studies are preferred, while laboratory experiments must demonstrate significant methodological advancements or mechanistic insights with direct relevance to the environment.
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