Purification and characterization of glutamate dehydrogenase from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and molecular docking studies

Glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) participates in the energy metabolism of proteins and the synthesis of metabolites important for the organism. In this study, GDH enzyme was purified from the liver of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) by 2',5'-ADP Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography in one step. As a result of this purification process, GDH enzyme was purified 171-fold with 5.83 U/mg protein-specific activity. The characterization experiments presented that the storage stability of the purified GDH enzyme was determined as −80°C; optimum temperature 40°C; it was determined that the optimum ionic strength was 100 mM phosphate buffer and the optimum pH was 8.00. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and PAGE studies showed that the natural molar mass of the purified GDH enzyme was 346.74 kDa, and the molar mass of its subunits was 53.71 kDa. K_m and V_max values for substrates and coenzymes of GDH enzyme purified from rainbow trout liver were calculated, and the lowest K_m value was found in NAD⁺ (1.86 mM) and the highest V_max value in NH₄⁺ (1.79 U/mL). The effects of some metal ions, vitamins, and solvents on the activity of the purified GDH enzyme were investigated and also IC₅₀ values and inhibition types. The metal ion with the lowest IC₅₀ value is Ag⁺ (8.65 ± 1.68 μM), and the vitamin is B₆ (0.77 ± 0.04 mM). The binding affinities of inhibitors were investigated with molecular docking, based on the conformational state of GDH.