Myosin phosphatase targeting subunit1 controls localization and motility of Rab7‐containing vesicles: Is myosin phosphatase a cytoplasmic dynein regulator?

Myosin phosphatase targeting subunit1 (MYPT1) is a critical subunit of myosin phosphatase (MP), which brings PP1Cδ phosphatase and its substrate together. We previously showed that MYPT1 depletion resulted in oblique chromatid segregation. Therefore, we hypothesized that MYPT1 may control microtubule‐dependent motor activity. Dynein, a minus‐end microtubule motor, is known to be involved in mitotic spindle assembly. We thus examined whether MYPT1 and dynein may interact. Proximity ligation assay and co‐immunoprecipitation revealed that MYPT1 and dynein intermediate chain (DIC) were associated. We found that DIC phosphorylation is increased in MYPT1‐depleted cells in vivo, and that MP was able to dephosphorylate DIC in vitro. MYPT1 depletion also altered the localization and motility of Rab7‐containing vesicles. MYPT1‐depletion dispersed the perinuclear Rab7 localization to the peripheral in interphase cells. The dispersed Rab7 localization was rescued by microinjection of a constitutively active, truncated MYPT1 mutant, supporting that MP is responsible for the altered Rab7 localization. Analyses of Rab7 vesicle trafficking also revealed that minus‐end transport was reduced in MYPT1‐depleted cells. These results suggest an unexpected role of MP: MP controls dynein activity in both mitotic and interphase cells, possibly by dephosphorylating dynein subunits including DIC.