A rare case of straight-back syndrome causing airway obstruction

Background

Straight-back syndrome is a rare congenital condition involving the loss of the normal dorsal curvature of the upper thoracic spine. This leads to flattening of the upper thoracic cavity, resulting in compression of the underlying vasculature and airways. In this case report, we discuss the management of an 18-year-old male with straight-back syndrome who was referred to our interventional pulmonary clinic for further management of his stridor and apneic events. A trial of airway stenting was done which resolved the patient's respiratory symptoms. Definitive surgical correction was not applicable due to other significant medical conditions, but tracheostomy provided a sustainable alternative treatment. Tracheostomy tube placement and airway stenting are reasonable alternatives to surgery for patients who experience airway obstruction due to straight-back syndrome. Stent placement may also relieve respiratory symptoms but is associated with a higher rate of complications.