揭示 NCM 电池热失控导致电池组顶盖失效的机理:电动汽车多相流体-结构-相互作用耦合模型

IF 15 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS
Junyuan Li , Peng Gao , Bang Tong , Zhixiang Cheng , Mingwei Cao , Wenxin Mei , Qingsong Wang , Jinhua Sun , Peng Qin
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引用次数: 0

摘要

锂离子电池组(LIB)顶盖结构失效会导致热失控(TR)过程中可燃和有毒物质的意外释放,造成人员伤亡和经济损失。然而,对电池组天花板失效背后机理的研究还很有限。在本研究中,我们开发了一种多相流固耦合(FSI)模型,用于模拟 52 Ah NCM 电池在 TR 冲击下上盖挡板的演变过程。我们的研究结果揭示了几个重要的观点:1)实验中,挡板上的最大力和温度分别为 13.01 N 和 598.5 °C;2)模拟结果表明,与气相相比,颗粒对挡板施加了更高的温度和更大的力;3)不锈钢挡板上的整体等效应力超过了在挡板上产生裂纹的拉伸强度。根据验证模型,我们发现障板结构失效是由粒子-结构热传导产生的热应力引起的。此外,这一观点也适用于涉及巨大颗粒的高密度电池热失控相关的结构破坏问题。此外,在保护电池组顶盖方面,绝缘层比间隙距离更有效。这些发现为锂电池组的结构设计提供了宝贵的见解,并为未来的电池集成技术提供了指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Revealing the mechanism of pack ceiling failure induced by thermal runaway in NCM batteries: A coupled multiphase fluid-structure interaction model for electric vehicles

Structure failure of lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack ceiling leads to the unintended release of combustible and poisonous substances during thermal runaway (TR), resulting in personnel injuries and financial losses. However, limited research has been conducted on the mechanism behind pack ceiling failures. In this study, we developed a coupled multiphase fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model to simulate the evolution of up-cover baffle under the TR impact of a 52 Ah NCM battery. Our findings reveal several important insights:1) the maximum force and temperature on the baffle are 13.01 N and 598.5 °C in experiment; 2) the simulation shows that particles exert higher temperature and greater force on the baffle compared to the gas phase; 3) the overall equivalent stress in the stainless-steel baffle surpasses the tensile strength that incurs crack on the baffles. According to the validated model, we find that the baffle structure failure is caused by the thermal stress from particle-structure heat conduction. Furthermore, this observation is applicable to the structure failure problems associated to the thermal runaway of high-density battery that involves enormous particles. In addition, the insulation layer is found to be more effective than the gap distance in protecting the pack ceiling. These findings offer a valuable insight into the structure design of LIB pack, and provide the guidance toward future battery integration technologies.

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来源期刊
Etransportation
Etransportation Engineering-Automotive Engineering
CiteScore
19.80
自引率
12.60%
发文量
57
审稿时长
39 days
期刊介绍: eTransportation is a scholarly journal that aims to advance knowledge in the field of electric transportation. It focuses on all modes of transportation that utilize electricity as their primary source of energy, including electric vehicles, trains, ships, and aircraft. The journal covers all stages of research, development, and testing of new technologies, systems, and devices related to electrical transportation. The journal welcomes the use of simulation and analysis tools at the system, transport, or device level. Its primary emphasis is on the study of the electrical and electronic aspects of transportation systems. However, it also considers research on mechanical parts or subsystems of vehicles if there is a clear interaction with electrical or electronic equipment. Please note that this journal excludes other aspects such as sociological, political, regulatory, or environmental factors from its scope.
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