Various Diagnostic Methods for Helicobacter pylori Infection

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium that colonizes the human stomach, leading to various gastrointestinal diseases including gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. There is no gold standard test that relies entirely on one method in H. pylori diagnosis. We must be aware of the pros and cons of various testing methods to perform an appropriate test according to the situation. Accurate diagnosis and eradication therapy are essential for disease management. Diagnostic methods include invasive techniques like tissue biopsy and rapid urease test, as well as non-invasive tests such as urea breath test, serology test, and stool antigen test. Each method has its advantages and limitations, requiring careful consideration in clinical practice. Understanding these diagnostic tools is crucial for effective H. pylori management and prevention of associated complications.