Battery health management–a perspective of design, optimization, manufacturing, fault detection, and recycling

This paper explores the key aspects of battery technology, focusing on Li-ion, Lead-acid, and Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries. It delves into manufacturing processes and highlighting their significance in optimizing battery performance. In addition, the study investigates battery fault detection, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis using artificial intellignece (AI) and machine learning (ML) methods. This paper also addresses battery recycling techniques, discussing methods such as pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, mechanical separation, and electrodialysis, considering their environmental impact. This comprehensive analysis sheds light on the evolution of battery technology and its role in sustainable energy systems.