{"title":"大学生饮酒者的性别差异:测试关于饮酒动机的 \"岌岌可危的男子气概 \"假说","authors":"Jared A Davis, R. Schlauch","doi":"10.1521/jscp.2024.43.2.152","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Drinking among college students has remained a prominent problem within the United States, with more than 50% of college students drinking alcohol, 30% considered binge drinkers, and 9% considered heavy drinkers (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2018). Evidence also shows that men are more likely to partake in risky drinking behaviors (e.g., binge drinking or drinking to intoxication) and are at higher risk to be diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder compared with women (Grant et al., 2004; Iwamoto et al., 2014). Recent findings suggest that adherence to particular masculine norms is a risk factor for problematic alcohol use among men (Lemle & Mishkind, 1989; Iwamoto et al., 2011; Liu & Iwamoto, 2007; Locke & Mahalik, 2005; Mahalik, 2000; Peralta, 2007; Radimer & Rowan-Kenyon, 2019), and that drinking in itself may be seen as masculine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways gender threat can influence alcohol use motivation. Methods: Using an experimental design, the interaction of gender and gender threat in the prediction of alcohol expectancies (i.e., motivation to use) was assessed in a college sample. Furthermore, exploratory analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of adherence to masculine norms on the relationship between gender, gender threat, and alcohol motivation. Results: Results indicated that both men and women who were threatened responded similarly on most measures of anxiety/distress. Further, women who were threatened were less likely to have positive expectancies toward alcohol than women who were not threatened. Lastly, no relationship was found between adherence to masculine norms and gender threat or alcohol motivation. Discussion: These findings highlight the need for further studies to investigate the role of gender threat on alcohol motivation and expectancies within a male and female sample.","PeriodicalId":48202,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Gender differences in college drinkers: A test of the precarious manhood hypothesis on drinking motivation\",\"authors\":\"Jared A Davis, R. Schlauch\",\"doi\":\"10.1521/jscp.2024.43.2.152\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Introduction: Drinking among college students has remained a prominent problem within the United States, with more than 50% of college students drinking alcohol, 30% considered binge drinkers, and 9% considered heavy drinkers (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2018). Evidence also shows that men are more likely to partake in risky drinking behaviors (e.g., binge drinking or drinking to intoxication) and are at higher risk to be diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder compared with women (Grant et al., 2004; Iwamoto et al., 2014). Recent findings suggest that adherence to particular masculine norms is a risk factor for problematic alcohol use among men (Lemle & Mishkind, 1989; Iwamoto et al., 2011; Liu & Iwamoto, 2007; Locke & Mahalik, 2005; Mahalik, 2000; Peralta, 2007; Radimer & Rowan-Kenyon, 2019), and that drinking in itself may be seen as masculine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways gender threat can influence alcohol use motivation. Methods: Using an experimental design, the interaction of gender and gender threat in the prediction of alcohol expectancies (i.e., motivation to use) was assessed in a college sample. Furthermore, exploratory analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of adherence to masculine norms on the relationship between gender, gender threat, and alcohol motivation. Results: Results indicated that both men and women who were threatened responded similarly on most measures of anxiety/distress. Further, women who were threatened were less likely to have positive expectancies toward alcohol than women who were not threatened. Lastly, no relationship was found between adherence to masculine norms and gender threat or alcohol motivation. Discussion: These findings highlight the need for further studies to investigate the role of gender threat on alcohol motivation and expectancies within a male and female sample.\",\"PeriodicalId\":48202,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-04-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2024.43.2.152\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2024.43.2.152","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Gender differences in college drinkers: A test of the precarious manhood hypothesis on drinking motivation
Introduction: Drinking among college students has remained a prominent problem within the United States, with more than 50% of college students drinking alcohol, 30% considered binge drinkers, and 9% considered heavy drinkers (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2018). Evidence also shows that men are more likely to partake in risky drinking behaviors (e.g., binge drinking or drinking to intoxication) and are at higher risk to be diagnosed with an alcohol use disorder compared with women (Grant et al., 2004; Iwamoto et al., 2014). Recent findings suggest that adherence to particular masculine norms is a risk factor for problematic alcohol use among men (Lemle & Mishkind, 1989; Iwamoto et al., 2011; Liu & Iwamoto, 2007; Locke & Mahalik, 2005; Mahalik, 2000; Peralta, 2007; Radimer & Rowan-Kenyon, 2019), and that drinking in itself may be seen as masculine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ways gender threat can influence alcohol use motivation. Methods: Using an experimental design, the interaction of gender and gender threat in the prediction of alcohol expectancies (i.e., motivation to use) was assessed in a college sample. Furthermore, exploratory analyses were conducted to investigate the impact of adherence to masculine norms on the relationship between gender, gender threat, and alcohol motivation. Results: Results indicated that both men and women who were threatened responded similarly on most measures of anxiety/distress. Further, women who were threatened were less likely to have positive expectancies toward alcohol than women who were not threatened. Lastly, no relationship was found between adherence to masculine norms and gender threat or alcohol motivation. Discussion: These findings highlight the need for further studies to investigate the role of gender threat on alcohol motivation and expectancies within a male and female sample.
期刊介绍:
This journal is devoted to the application of theory and research from social psychology toward the better understanding of human adaptation and adjustment, including both the alleviation of psychological problems and distress (e.g., psychopathology) and the enhancement of psychological well-being among the psychologically healthy. Topics of interest include (but are not limited to) traditionally defined psychopathology (e.g., depression), common emotional and behavioral problems in living (e.g., conflicts in close relationships), the enhancement of subjective well-being, and the processes of psychological change in everyday life (e.g., self-regulation) and professional settings (e.g., psychotherapy and counseling). Articles reporting the results of theory-driven empirical research are given priority, but theoretical articles, review articles, clinical case studies, and essays on professional issues are also welcome. Articles describing the development of new scales (personality or otherwise) or the revision of existing scales are not appropriate for this journal.