用于低温固井应用的水扩展低密度花岗岩基土工聚合物:前驱体选择和粒度分布的影响

IF 3.2 3区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, PETROLEUM
SPE Journal Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI:10.2118/219760-pa
M. N. Agista, F. Gomado, M. Khalifeh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

由于寒冷的温度和较弱的地层等特殊条件,在靠近海床的地区固井仍然是一项挑战,导致水泥硬化延迟、钻井作业时间延长以及油井完整性问题。考虑到波特兰水泥在寒冷地区的局限性,以及其生产过程中产生的大量二氧化碳排放,人们强调需要更具可持续性的替代品。根据之前对低温应用的研究,我们开发了一种通过水扩展方法的低密度土工聚合物。本研究利用花岗岩基材料,通过细化前体颗粒尺寸、使用高钙高炉矿渣(BFS)以及加入无定形硅酸钾活化剂,优化了混合设计。研究方法包括粘度测量、泵送性测试和机械强度评估等成套固井评估。此外,还使用了粒度分布(PSD)分析、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、热重分析(TGA)和等温量热法等表征技术。这些测试对于了解材料在特定应用条件下的行为至关重要。研究结果表明,所建议的土工聚合物混合物在较低温度下的硬化时间和机械强度发展均可接受,因此适用于具有挑战性的低温浅层固井条件。该研究证明了使用高含水量来生产具有可接受性能的土工聚合物的可行性,以及在优化前体颗粒尺寸和添加高钙 BFS 方面所采用方法的新颖性。土工聚合物的性能,即使是在高水/固体比率的情况下,也凸显了其作为波特兰水泥潜在的可持续高效替代品的多功能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Water-Extended Low-Density Granite-Based Geopolymer for Low-Temperature Well Cementing Applications: The Impact of Precursor Selection and Particle-Size Distribution
Well cementing in areas close to the seabed remains a challenge due to unique conditions such as cold temperatures and weaker formations, leading to delayed cement hardening, extended drilling operation, and well integrity issues. Considering Portland cement’s limitations in cold areas and significant CO2 emissions through its manufacturing process, the need for more sustainable alternatives is highlighted. A low-density geopolymer through the water-extended approach was developed based on a previous study on low-temperature applications. Utilizing granite-based materials, this study optimizes the mix design by refining precursor particle sizes, using high-calcium blast furnace slag (BFS), and incorporating an amorphous potassium silicate activator. The research methodology includes sets of well cementing evaluations such as viscosity measurements, pumpability tests, and mechanical strength assessments. In addition, characterization techniques such as particle-size distribution (PSD) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and isothermal calorimetry were used. These tests were crucial in understanding the material’s behavior under the specified application conditions. The findings reveal that the proposed geopolymer mix exhibits acceptable hardening time and mechanical strength development at lower temperatures, making it suitable for the challenging conditions of cold shallow-depth cementing. The study proves the feasibility of using high water content for geopolymers with acceptable properties and the novelty of its approach in the optimization of precursor particle sizes and the addition of higher calcium BFS. The geopolymer’s performance, even with a high water/solids ratio, highlights its versatility as a potential sustainable and efficient alternative to Portland cement.
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来源期刊
SPE Journal
SPE Journal 工程技术-工程:石油
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
11.10%
发文量
229
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: Covers theories and emerging concepts spanning all aspects of engineering for oil and gas exploration and production, including reservoir characterization, multiphase flow, drilling dynamics, well architecture, gas well deliverability, numerical simulation, enhanced oil recovery, CO2 sequestration, and benchmarking and performance indicators.
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