根据构件强度分析确定砌体承重结构的可靠性水平

D. Yermolenko, I. Usenko, D. Usenko
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摘要

文章讨论了与评估砌体结构可靠性有关的各个方面。作者结合可靠性理论,介绍了确定现有结构中砌体抗压强度的方法。我们还考虑了计算砌体设计强度的实用解决方案,这可能有助于评估作为现有建筑物核心结构元素的巨大砖墙和砖柱的安全性。因此,在压缩状态下工作的墙壁和支柱是石质建筑的重要组成部分,在分析和评估其强度时需要特别注意。它们承载着巨大的荷载,对整个结构的稳定性至关重要。在某些情况下,很难获得安全的样本来测试砌体的机械性能,因此很难对现有的砌体结构进行分析。不过,建筑规范和方法提供了基于可靠度理论确定现有结构强度的具体方法。这些方法假定砌体均匀,砖层间距规则。虽然这些假设可能会简化分析,但仍可提供足够准确的结果,以便就建筑物的安全性和可靠性做出决策。在使用这些方法时,必须考虑所有可能的因素和限制,以确保对砌体结构的状况进行可靠的评估。砖砌承重墙建筑在乌克兰现有住房开发中占绝大部分。在此类建筑的生命周期内,确保其高质量运行和居民安全是优先领域。然而,外部环境的变化和对建筑生产的监管支持状况要求我们定期回到评估已建建筑结构和设计中建筑结构的承载能力问题上来。因此,最近,以前对建筑结构产生不寻常力影响的领域,如建筑底部的水平位移,已经明显扩大。造成这种情况的原因包括国内某些地区的地震活动和人为因素,特别是土壤不稳定的地区。我们应该注意到,由于乌克兰大片领土上的军事行动,许多建筑物和结构都受到外部影响。因此,在被弹头击中或受到冲击波作用的情况下,它们会对整个建筑物的承重结构产生新的、非典型的但却危险的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
ESTABLISHING THE RELIABILITY LEVEL OF MASONRY BEARING STRUCTURES BASED ON ITS COMPONENT STRENGTH ANALYSIS
The article discusses aspects related to assessing the reliability of masonry structures. The authors present methods for determining the compressive strength of masonry in existing structures, taking into account reliability theory. We also consider practical solutions for calculating the design strength of masonry, which may help to assess the safety of massive brick walls and pillars that act as core structural elements of existing buildings. Thus, walls and pillars operating in compression are vital elements of stone buildings and require special attention when analysing and assessing their strength. They carry enormous loads and are critical to the stability of the entire structure. There are cases when it may be hard to obtain safe samples for testing masonry mechanical performance, making the analysis of existing masonry structures difficult. However, building codes and methods provide specific methods for determining the strength of existing structures based on reliability theory. These methods assume uniformity of masonry with regularly spaced brick layers. Although such assumptions may simplify the analysis, they can still provide sufficiently accurate results for making decisions about the safety and reliability of the building. It is essential to consider all possible factors and limitations when using these methods to ensure a reliable assessment of the condition of masonry structures. Stone materials are among the most traditional in various areas of construction production. Buildings with brick load-bearing walls represent the lion’s share of the existing housing development in Ukraine. Ensuring its high-quality operation and the safety of residents during the life cycle of such buildings are priority areas. However, changes occurring in the external environment and the state of regulatory support for construction production require a periodic return to the issues of assessing the load-bearing capacity of both previously erected building structures and those under design. Thus, lately, the territories with previously unusual force impacts on building structures, such as horizontal displacements of the base of the building, have significantly expanded. The reasons for this include seismic activity in certain regions of the country and the results of anthropogenic factors, particularly the areas with unstable soils. We should note that many buildings and structures are subject to external influence due to military operations on a large territory of Ukraine. So, in the event of a hit by warheads or the action of a blast wave, they generate new, non-typical, but dangerous effects on the load-bearing structures of the entire building. Keywords: reliability theory, reliability assessment, structural safety, stone structures, masonry strength.
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