Valentina Martelli, Amaury Anquetil, Lin Al Atik, Julio Larrea Jiménez, Alaska Subedi, Ricardo P. S. M. Lobo, Kamran Behnia
{"title":"失衡 SF_6 中的近临界暗乳光","authors":"Valentina Martelli, Amaury Anquetil, Lin Al Atik, Julio Larrea Jiménez, Alaska Subedi, Ricardo P. S. M. Lobo, Kamran Behnia","doi":"10.1038/s42005-024-01622-9","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The first-order phase transition between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point. Critical opalescence occurs at this singularity. Discovered in 1822, it is known to be driven by diverging fluctuations in the density. During the past two decades, boundaries between the gas-like and liquid-like regimes have been theoretically proposed and experimentally explored. Here, we show that fast cooling of near-critical sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), in presence of Earth’s gravity, favors dark opalescence, where visible photons are not merely scattered, but also absorbed. When the isochore fluid is quenched across the critical point, its optical transmittance drops by more than three orders of magnitude in the whole visible range, a feature which does not occur during slow cooling. We show that transmittance shows a dip at 2eV near the critical point, and the system can host excitons with binding energies ranging from 0.5 to 4 eV. The spinodal decomposition of the liquid-gas mixture, by inducing a periodical modulation of the fluid density, can provide a scenario to explain the emergence of this platform for coupling between light and matter. The possible formation of excitons and polaritons points to the irruption of quantum effects in a quintessentially classical context. The first-order phase boundary between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point where the fluid, kept at thermodynamic equilibrium, displays a turbidity known as ‘critical opalescence’. The authors quench a fluid across its critical point, find blackness instead of turbidity, and argue that, out of equilibrium, photons can be absorbed, not merely scattered.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s42005-024-01622-9.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Near-critical dark opalescence in out-of-equilibrium SF6\",\"authors\":\"Valentina Martelli, Amaury Anquetil, Lin Al Atik, Julio Larrea Jiménez, Alaska Subedi, Ricardo P. S. M. Lobo, Kamran Behnia\",\"doi\":\"10.1038/s42005-024-01622-9\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"The first-order phase transition between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point. Critical opalescence occurs at this singularity. Discovered in 1822, it is known to be driven by diverging fluctuations in the density. During the past two decades, boundaries between the gas-like and liquid-like regimes have been theoretically proposed and experimentally explored. Here, we show that fast cooling of near-critical sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), in presence of Earth’s gravity, favors dark opalescence, where visible photons are not merely scattered, but also absorbed. When the isochore fluid is quenched across the critical point, its optical transmittance drops by more than three orders of magnitude in the whole visible range, a feature which does not occur during slow cooling. We show that transmittance shows a dip at 2eV near the critical point, and the system can host excitons with binding energies ranging from 0.5 to 4 eV. The spinodal decomposition of the liquid-gas mixture, by inducing a periodical modulation of the fluid density, can provide a scenario to explain the emergence of this platform for coupling between light and matter. The possible formation of excitons and polaritons points to the irruption of quantum effects in a quintessentially classical context. The first-order phase boundary between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point where the fluid, kept at thermodynamic equilibrium, displays a turbidity known as ‘critical opalescence’. 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Near-critical dark opalescence in out-of-equilibrium SF6
The first-order phase transition between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point. Critical opalescence occurs at this singularity. Discovered in 1822, it is known to be driven by diverging fluctuations in the density. During the past two decades, boundaries between the gas-like and liquid-like regimes have been theoretically proposed and experimentally explored. Here, we show that fast cooling of near-critical sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), in presence of Earth’s gravity, favors dark opalescence, where visible photons are not merely scattered, but also absorbed. When the isochore fluid is quenched across the critical point, its optical transmittance drops by more than three orders of magnitude in the whole visible range, a feature which does not occur during slow cooling. We show that transmittance shows a dip at 2eV near the critical point, and the system can host excitons with binding energies ranging from 0.5 to 4 eV. The spinodal decomposition of the liquid-gas mixture, by inducing a periodical modulation of the fluid density, can provide a scenario to explain the emergence of this platform for coupling between light and matter. The possible formation of excitons and polaritons points to the irruption of quantum effects in a quintessentially classical context. The first-order phase boundary between the liquid and gaseous phases ends at a critical point where the fluid, kept at thermodynamic equilibrium, displays a turbidity known as ‘critical opalescence’. The authors quench a fluid across its critical point, find blackness instead of turbidity, and argue that, out of equilibrium, photons can be absorbed, not merely scattered.
期刊介绍:
Communications Physics is an open access journal from Nature Research publishing high-quality research, reviews and commentary in all areas of the physical sciences. Research papers published by the journal represent significant advances bringing new insight to a specialized area of research in physics. We also aim to provide a community forum for issues of importance to all physicists, regardless of sub-discipline.
The scope of the journal covers all areas of experimental, applied, fundamental, and interdisciplinary physical sciences. Primary research published in Communications Physics includes novel experimental results, new techniques or computational methods that may influence the work of others in the sub-discipline. We also consider submissions from adjacent research fields where the central advance of the study is of interest to physicists, for example material sciences, physical chemistry and technologies.