通过仿生学课程培养工程学的可持续能力

P. Vázquez-Villegas, E. G. Molina-Solis, L. Mejía-Manzano, Javier Romo-Molina, Jorge Membrillo-Hernández
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摘要

联合国 2030 年计划将可持续发展目标(SDGs)作为培训新的专业人力资源的多学科 重点。在工程学领域,可持续发展目标已作为选修科目纳入课程。在本报告中,我们介绍了在 2022 年春季和秋季学期开设的 "生物模拟与可持续发展 "课程中实施可持续发展目标的调查情况,194 名学生被分为六个小组。通过挑战式学习,学生们提议利用风能或太阳能资源在选定地区发电。他们被要求进行广泛的研究和精确的工程计算,以确保其替代能源的可行性。此外,每个小组还必须选择三个或更多与他们的提案最相符的可持续发展目标,并说明他们的选择理由。对报告的评估以评分标准和核对表为基础,评估其论证的完整性和报告内容的充分性。大多数学生选择了可持续发展目标 7、11 和 13。在一项匿名调查中,学生们表示,将可持续发展目标纳入作业大大提高了他们学习体验的重要性。我们建议其他教育工作者效仿,将可持续发展目标纳入学生的项目或提案中,无论其所在机构是否有可持续发展计划,目的是将可持续发展转化为一种能力,而不是一个固定的概念。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Creating Sustainable Competencies in Engineering Through Biomimetics Courses
The United Nations 2030 plan establishes the incorporation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a multidisciplinary focus for training new specialized human resources. In engineering, the SDGs have been integrated into the curriculum as optional subjects. In this report, we present an investigation into implementing the SDGs in a Biomimicry and Sustainability course offered during the spring and fall semesters of 2022, with 194 students divided into six groups. Using challenge-based learning, students proposed utilizing wind or solar resources to generate electricity in a selected region. They were asked to conduct extensive research and precise engineering calculations to ensure the viability of their alternative energy sources. Additionally, each group had to select three or more SDGs that best aligned with their proposal, justifying their choices. The evaluation of the reports was based on rubrics and checklists that assessed the integrity of their argumentation and the adequacy of the report components. Most students chose SDGs 7, 11, and 13. In an anonymous survey, students expressed that incorporating the SDGs into the assignment significantly enhanced the importance of their learning experience. We recommend that other educators follow suit and incorporate the SDGs into their students’ projects or proposals, irrespective of whether their institution has a sustainability plan, aiming to transform sustainability into a competency rather than a fixed concept.
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