麻布和伙伴:社会强化(断奶前混合)和物体强化(麻布)对断奶前环境中仔猪的表现、行为和福利的影响

IF 1.3 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Ashlyn Scott, Arielle Le Heiget, Reyna Stefanson, Jamie Ahloy-Dallaire, Meagan King
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要 在商业运营中,仔猪断奶后不仅要与母猪分离,还要在陌生的环境中与陌生的猪混养,吃新的饲料。这些突如其来的变化会给仔猪带来应激,通常会产生负面的福利后果。我们的目的是研究早期断奶前社会化和断奶前环境中物体富集的影响。我们比较了多胎仔猪群大小(1 胎 vs. 2 胎 vs. 4 胎)和麻布(有 vs. 无)这六种处理的仔猪表现、行为和福利。我们记录了仔猪的行为,并对母猪和仔猪的病变进行了评分。以每个实验单位表示的正常顺应性数据(行为数据为一段时间内的平均值)通过方差分析进行分析。在母猪舍中,如果有机会,多窝仔猪群中的仔猪会与其他窝仔猪交往。0.10)中观察到仔猪使用麻布(P = 0.08),单箱组中仔猪不太活跃,而两窝混合组中仔猪最活跃(P = 0.03)。此外,观察到的仔猪/母猪咬人行为在不同处理间并无差异;但仔猪与仔猪间的咬人行为(P = 0.07)和操纵栏内物品行为(P = 0.07)在非富集组中出现的频率更高。在围栏周围观察到的仔猪移位现象在非富集组更常见(P = 0.03),但在乳头处观察到的仔猪移位现象在富集组更常见(P = 0.07)。断奶前的社会化和对象富集对每头母猪的平均断奶仔猪数或仔猪总死亡率没有影响(P > 0.10)。然而,随着混合仔猪数的增加,产下仔猪的比例也在下降(P = 0.02)。每头仔猪的平均病变数在不同处理之间没有差异。虽然母猪乳头和乳房状况的最终病变评分在不同处理间没有差异(P > 0.10),但单胎母猪乳房评分的恶化程度往往高于混群母猪(P = 0.08)。总之,社会和物体富集可使仔猪在较小的年龄就开始社会化,并将其注意力转向一个物体(麻布),这不会对仔猪或母猪的生产性能或行为产生负面影响,并可改善仔猪断奶前后的福利。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Burlap and buddies: the effects of social enrichment (preweaning mixing) and object enrichment (burlap) on piglet performance, behavior, and welfare in the preweaning environment
Abstract When weaned in commercial operations, piglets are not only separated from their sow but also mixed with unfamiliar pigs in an unfamiliar environment with a new diet. These abrupt changes can be stressful for piglets, often having negative welfare consequences. Our objective was to study the effects of early-life preweaning socialization and object enrichment in the preweaning environment. We compared piglet performance, behavior, and welfare across six treatments that combined multi-litter group size (1 vs. 2 vs. 4 litters) and burlap (yes vs. no). We recorded piglet behavior and lesion-scored sows and piglets. Normal conforming data, expressed per experimental unit (and behavior data were averaged over time), were analyzed by ANOVA. When given the opportunity in the sow barn, piglets in multi-litter groups socialized with other litters. Burlap use (P = 0.08) was observed in < 5% of the observations but tended to increase in mixed litter groups. Cross-sucking was observed in ~12% of the observations within mixed litter groups and tended to increase with mixed group size (P = 0.08). While there was no difference in the proportion of piglets nursing (P > 0.10), piglets were less active in the single crate groups and most active in the groups of two litters mixed (P = 0.03). Additionally, observed piglet/sow biting behaviors did not differ between treatments; however, piglet-piglet biting (P = 0.07), and pen object manipulation (P = 0.07) tended to be observed more frequently in non-enriched groups. Piglet displacements were observed more often in non-enriched groups around the pen (P = 0.03) but tended to be observed more often in enriched groups at the teat (P = 0.07). Preweaning socialization and object enrichment had no impact on the average number of piglets weaned per sow or total piglet mortality (P > 0.10). However, the proportion of laid-on piglets decreased as the number of mixed litters increased (P = 0.02). The average number of lesions per piglet did not differ between treatments. Although the final lesion scores of sow teat and udder condition did not differ between treatments (P > 0.10), sow udder scores tended to worsen more in the single litters than in the mixed litters (P = 0.08). Overall, social and object enrichment allows piglets to socialize at a younger age and to redirect their attention toward an object (burlap) which does not negatively impact piglet or sow performance, or behavior, and may improve piglet welfare around weaning.
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来源期刊
Translational Animal Science
Translational Animal Science Veterinary-Veterinary (all)
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
15.40%
发文量
149
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Translational Animal Science (TAS) is the first open access-open review animal science journal, encompassing a broad scope of research topics in animal science. TAS focuses on translating basic science to innovation, and validation of these innovations by various segments of the allied animal industry. Readers of TAS will typically represent education, industry, and government, including research, teaching, administration, extension, management, quality assurance, product development, and technical services. Those interested in TAS typically include animal breeders, economists, embryologists, engineers, food scientists, geneticists, microbiologists, nutritionists, veterinarians, physiologists, processors, public health professionals, and others with an interest in animal production and applied aspects of animal sciences.
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