贸易模式对旅游活动重要吗?来自二十个游客最多国家的证据

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Fevzi Ölmez, Dogukan Tarakci
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在调查二十个游客最多的国家的国际旅游业与包括进出口在内的贸易总额之间的关系。为了准确评估两者之间的关系,本研究采用了 Emirmahmutoglu 和 Kose(2011 年)的因果关系分析法,其中考虑了横截面依赖性和异质性。实证结果表明,在德国、印度、墨西哥和荷兰,从贸易总额、出口和进口到国际游客抵达人数之间存在单向因果关系。相反,葡萄牙、俄罗斯和西班牙(进口除外)的因果关系则是从国际游客到访量到贸易总额、出口额和进口额。此外,中国的国际贸易与旅游业之间存在双向因果关系,表明旅游业与贸易相互促进。这些结果凸显了考虑旅游业与贸易之间因果关系的方向以及根据各国的独特性制定有针对性的政策的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Does trade pattern matter for tourism activities? Evidence from the twenty most visited countries
This study aims to investigate the relationship between international tourism and total trade, including exports and imports, for the twenty most visited countries. In order to accurately assess the relationship, the study employs the Emirmahmutoglu and Kose (2011) causality analysis, which accounts for cross-sectional dependency and heterogeneity. The empirical results show a unidirectional causality running from total trade, exports, and imports to international tourist arrivals for Germany, India, Mexico, and the Netherlands. Conversely, the causality runs from international tourist arrivals to total trade, exports, and imports for Portugal, Russia, and Spain (except imports). Additionally, a bidirectional causality link between international trade and tourism is found for China, indicating that both tourism and trade mutually reinforce each other. These results highlight the importance of considering the direction of causality in the relationship between tourism and trade, and developing targeted policies that take into account the unique characteristics of each country.
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
期刊介绍: ACS Applied Bio Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of biomaterials and biointerfaces including and beyond the traditional biosensing, biomedical and therapeutic applications. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important bio applications. The journal is specifically interested in work that addresses the relationship between structure and function and assesses the stability and degradation of materials under relevant environmental and biological conditions.
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