真理、偷窃和礼物:关于 Alētheia 的思考

William Desmond
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摘要

海德格尔在《存在与时间》一书中讨论真理时谈到,真理总是涉及抢劫(ein Raub)。这个词很有启发性,但评论家们却没有注意到。这是一个不值得太认真对待的偶然隐喻吗?或者,它是否有助于我们关注《存在与时间》中海德格尔对存在和真理的信息导向?本思考从偷窃的意义出发,对 "Alētheia "进行了思考。值得注意的是,后来的海德格尔见证了一种本体论的契合,完全不同于强盗偷窃不属于自己的东西。这种契合更接近于被存在所恩赐或馈赠,而不是从存在的隐蔽性中窃取秘密。我们需要什么术语来理解偷窃和恩赐;我们如何从偷窃转向恩赐?如何从Polemos到Gelassenheit?海德格尔是否让我们对这个重大问题一无所知?
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Truth, Theft and Gift: Thoughts on Alētheia
In discussing truth in Being and Time Heidegger speaks of this as always involving a robbery ( ein Raub ). This is a revealing word but not noted by commentators. Is it an incidental metaphor not to be taken too seriously? Or does it help us focus on something of the informing orientation to being and truth marking the Heidegger of Being and Time ? This reflection offers thoughts on Alētheia in light of the meaning of theft. Significantly, the later Heidegger witnesses an ontological attunement entirely other to that of a robber who steals what is not his own. This attunement is closer to one of being graced or gifted by being rather than stealing secrets from the hiddenness of being. What terms do we need to make sense of theft and gift; how do we turn from, get from, theft to gift? How get from Polemos to Gelassenheit ? Does Heidegger leave us in the dark on this great question?
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